Biology Quiz

What do facilitated diffusion and primary active transport have in common?

• Both require energy input

• Both involve the movement of molecule across membrane

• Both occur down their concentration gradient

• Both Require carrier proteins

Answer explanation

Facilitated diffusion and primary active transport both require carrier proteins to help move molecules across the membrane. However, only primary active transport requires energy input, while facilitated diffusion occurs down the concentration gradient.

The resting membrane potential (RMP) is close to Nernst potential of which ion?

• Sodium Na+

• Potassium K+

• Calcium Ca+2

• Magnesium Mg+2

Answer explanation

The resting membrane potential (RMP) is primarily influenced by potassium (K+) ions, as the cell membrane is more permeable to K+ than to other ions. Therefore, the RMP is close to the Nernst potential of potassium.

Which ion contributes to generate Action Membrane potential (AMP)?

• Sodium Na+

• Potassium K+

• Calcium Ca+2

• Magnesium Mg+2

Answer explanation

Sodium ions (Na+) are crucial for generating Action Membrane Potential (AMP) as they rapidly enter the cell during depolarization, leading to the initiation of an action potential. Other ions play roles but Na+ is the primary contributor.

Ligamentum arteriosum is present between?

• Arch of aorta and right pulmonary artery

• Arch of aorta and left pulmonary artery

• Arch of aorta and brachiocephalic artery

• Arch of aorta and left subclavian artery

Answer explanation

The ligamentum arteriosum is a remnant of the ductus arteriosus, connecting the arch of the aorta to the left pulmonary artery. This structure is crucial in fetal circulation and becomes a fibrous band after birth.

Which of the following is true regarding sciatic nerve?

• Innervates all joints of lower limb

• Most medial content of sciatic foramen

• Arise from lumbar plexus only

• Branches into tibial and common fibular nerve

Answer explanation

The sciatic nerve branches into the tibial and common fibular nerves, which innervate different parts of the lower limb. The other statements are incorrect regarding the sciatic nerve's anatomy and function.

Which two muscles of posterior part of the leg cross in the sole?

• Flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus

• Gastrocnemius and soleus

• Tibialis posterior and peroneus longus

• Semitendinosus and semimembranosus

Answer explanation

The flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus are two muscles in the posterior leg that cross each other in the sole. They play key roles in toe flexion and are essential for foot movement.

Which of the following is most abundant phosphoprotein found in egg yolk?

• Ovalbumin

• Ovotransferrin

• Lysozyme

• Casein

Answer explanation

Ovotransferrin is the most abundant phosphoprotein in egg yolk, playing a crucial role in iron transport and storage. Unlike ovalbumin, lysozyme, and casein, ovotransferrin is specifically known for its high phosphoprotein content.

Lead poisoning is primarily caused by?

• Deficiency of Heme

• Inhibition of Heme synthesis

• Vitamin B12 Deficiency

• Excessive iron intake

Answer explanation

Lead poisoning primarily results from the inhibition of heme synthesis, as lead interferes with enzymes involved in this process, leading to decreased production of heme, which is essential for hemoglobin formation.

Which mineral assists in process of tissue repair?

• Calcium

• Potassium

• Zinc

• Sodium

Answer explanation

Zinc plays a crucial role in tissue repair by aiding in cell division and growth, making it essential for healing wounds and maintaining skin integrity. Therefore, it is the mineral that assists in the process of tissue repair.

Which is the primary function of ATP in lysosome?

• Energy storage

• Protein digestion

• Signal transduction

• Membrane transport

Answer explanation

The primary function of ATP in lysosomes is to provide energy for protein digestion. Lysosomes contain enzymes that break down proteins, and ATP is crucial for powering these processes.