Chapter 7.1

What is the main topic of the paragraph?

• A. The impact of evolution on facial expressions

• B. The cultural differences in emotional facial behaviors

• C. The debate on whether facial expressions are universal or culturally specific

• D. The role of literature in facial expression studies

The word "controversy" in the passage is closest in meaning to:

• A. conflict

• B. agreement

• C. indifference

• D. discussion

According to the article, all of the following psychologists hold the culture-universal view of emotion EXCEPT _______.

• A. Asch

• B. Birdwhistell

• C. Tomkins

• D. Allport

According to Ekman and Friesen, which aspects of facial expressions are considered universal?

• • A. Rules for controlling facial expressions across cultures

• • B. The relationship between specific facial muscle patterns and emotions

• • C. Culturally specific ways of expressing emotions

• • D. Emotion triggers formed through learning

Where do Ekman and Friesen believe cultural differences in facial expressions are likely to appear?

• • A. Rules for controlling facial expressions

• • B. Universal facial expression patterns

• • C. The structure of facial muscles

• • D. The expression of all emotions

What is the meaning of "distinguished" as used in the paragraph?

• • A. Differentiated

• • B. Emphasized

• • C. Forgotten

• • D. Unified

• What is the closest meaning of "stimuli" in the context of this paragraph?

• • A. Emotions

• • B. Responses

• • C. Triggers

• • D. Controls