Test Review: Thermal Energy Transfer in Systems Unit 2 Lesson 2

Chefs need pans that can go from the stovetop to the oven. Some materials that are used for the handles of pans can be damaged by the high temperatures in ovens. Which statement best defines the design problem?

• The problem is to design ovens that won’t reach high temperatures
• The problem is to design stovetops that won’t reach high temperatures.
• The problem is to design plastic handles that won’t be damaged by high temperatures.
• The problem is to design pans that have handles that won’t be damaged by high temperatures.

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A scientist places a block of hot metal in a jar of cool water. Because energy is conserved, what must happen?

• The thermal energy of the water and the thermal energy of the metal will remain the same.
• The sum of the thermal energy of the water and the thermal energy of the metal will increase.
• Some of the metal’s thermal energy is transferred to the water as heat, but a small amount changes to mass.
• The thermal energy of the water will increase by the same amount that the thermal energy of the metal decreases.

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Which diagram shows the direction heat will flow?

• Towards 223 degrees
• Towards 199 degrees

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Students are designing insulated, uncovered cups intended to keep cold drinks cold. They put 200 mL of water at 0 ºC into cups of different designs and recorded changes in temperature over time. Their goal is to design a cup that will keep the water cold for as long as possible. Which energy transfer will be the greatest obstacle to reaching their goal?

• from the water through the top of the cup to the room
• from the room through the top of the cup to the water
• from the water through the sides of the cup to the room
• from the room through the sides of the cup to the water

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An engineer wants to design a jacket that a police officer can wear outside in cold and snowy weather. Which set of criteria and constraints is most likely to lead to a successful solution?

• minimizes thermal energy transfer and made of a lightweight material
• maximizes thermal energy transfer and made of a lightweight material
• minimizes thermal energy transfer and made of a material that is not flammable
• maximizes thermal energy transfer and made of a material that is not flammable

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The higher the thermal conductivity value, the ________ the material transfers energy.

• slower
• faster

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A__________________ is a material that absorbs thermal energy when the air around it is warmer, and then slowly releases it when the air is cooler. Many greenhouses use big black barrels filled with water for this purpose.

• thermal mass
• thermal energy
• thermal loss
• thermal gain

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Some materials transfer thermal energy very quickly. These materials are called thermal ____________.

• conductors
• insulators

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Thermal____________________, transfer energy slowly

• conductors
• insulators

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True or False: Thermal energy always flows from warmer objects or regions to cooler objects or regions.

• True
• False

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