Understanding Attachment in Development

What was the main focus of Harlow's 1958 study with Rhesus monkeys?

• The impact of diet on growth

• The importance of emotional comfort over physiological needs

• The effects of isolation on social behaviour

• The role of play in cognitive development

According to Bowlby's theory of attachment, what is the definition of attachment?

• A temporary emotional bond between a child and caregiver

• A long-lasting emotional bond that provides security and comfort

• A behavioural response to environmental stimuli

• A cognitive process of recognising familiar faces

Which concept in Bowlby's theory suggests that there is a specific time frame for forming attachments?

• Monotropy

• Critical and sensitive periods

• Maternal deprivation

• Internal working model

What is the term used by Bowlby to describe the primary attachment figure?

• Monotropy

• Internal working model

• Secure base

• Attachment hierarchy

In Ainsworth's Strange Situation study, which type of attachment is characterised by a child showing distress when the caregiver leaves and joy when they return?

• Insecure avoidant attachment

• Secure attachment

• Insecure resistant attachment

• Disorganised attachment

Which type of attachment, identified by Ainsworth, is characterised by a child avoiding or ignoring the caregiver?

• Secure attachment

• Insecure avoidant attachment

• Insecure resistant attachment

• Disorganised attachment

What did van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg's 1988 study find about cross-cultural patterns of attachment?

• Attachment styles are identical across all cultures

• Secure attachment is the most common across cultures

• Insecure avoidant attachment is predominant in all cultures

• Cultural practices do not influence attachment styles

What is the internal working model in Bowlby's theory of attachment?

• A set of expectations about the availability of attachment figures

• A cognitive map of the physical environment

• A behavioural pattern of seeking proximity

• A genetic predisposition to form attachments

Which of the following is NOT a component of Bowlby's theory of attachment?

• Monotropy

• Critical and sensitive periods

• Social learning theory

• Maternal deprivation

In Ainsworth's Strange Situation, which type of attachment is characterised by a child being clingy and not easily comforted upon the caregiver's return?

• Secure attachment

• Insecure avoidant attachment

• Insecure resistant attachment

• Disorganised attachment