Pulmonology Intervention Cases for Residents

A 65-year-old patient with a history of non-small cell lung cancer presents with progressive shortness of breath. Bronchoscopy shows tracheal obstruction due to a tumor compressing the lumen. What is the most appropriate intervention to reopen the tracheal lumen in this patient?

• EBUS with biopsy

• Cryobronchoscopy for tumor debulking

• Tracheal stent placement

• APC (Argon Plasma Coagulation)

• Routine bronchodilator nebulizer

A patient has left main bronchial obstruction due to tumor growth. EBUS examination shows tumor invasion into the mediastinal structures. Which of the following is an indication for EBUS procedure in this patient?

• Diagnosis of pneumothorax

• Assessing staging and tumor invasion

• Stent placement to open the airway

• Cryobronchoscopy to remove the tumor

• Reducing bronchial secretions

A patient with recurrent hemoptysis is known to have a vascular lesion in the right main bronchus. What is the best technique to immediately stop this bleeding?

• Cryobronchoscopy

• Stent placement

• APC (Argon Plasma Coagulation)

• Conventional biopsy

• EBUS for lesion evaluation

A patient is diagnosed with an endobronchial carcinoid tumor causing bronchial obstruction. Palliative therapy is performed with bronchoscopy. Which procedure is most effective for rapidly reducing tumor mass in this case?

• EBUS with FNA

• Cryobronchoscopy

• Stent placement

• APC

• External radiation

During EBUS, lymphadenopathy nodules larger than 1 cm are found in the subcarinal lymph node station (N7). What is the appropriate action to ensure malignancy in these nodules?

• Cryobronchoscopy for biopsy

• Stent placement in the area

• EBUS with fine needle aspiration (FNA)

• Regular bronchoscopy with brushing

• CT-guided biopsy

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A patient with bronchial stenosis due to chronic inflammation shows decreased oxygen saturation during activity. What intervention can be performed to improve the patient's airway condition?

• Cryobronchoscopy

• Bronchial stent placement

• EBUS

• APC

• Endobronchial biopsy

In patients with tumors causing distal bronchial obstruction, what is the main advantage of cryobronchoscopy technique in managing endobronchial tumor mass?

• Limit the risk of perforation

• Reduce the risk of hemoptysis

• Stop acute bleeding

• Debulking tumor mass without damaging healthy tissue

• Improve chemotherapy response

A 50-year-old female patient presents with a history of pulmonary TB and extensive bronchiectasis. Bronchoscopy examination shows granulomatous lesions in the left main bronchus. Which technique is most appropriate for biopsy of this lesion without the risk of major bleeding?

• EBUS with biopsy

• Stent placement

• APC

• Cryobronchoscopy

• Regular bronchoscopy with forceps biopsy

A patient with post-traumatic bronchial stricture experiences significant shortness of breath. What procedure is most recommended to open the airway and reduce symptoms?

• Cryobronchoscopy for stricture reduction

• EBUS for stricture evaluation

• Stent placement

• Inhalation bronchodilator

• APC