Which monarch established the Church of England in 1534?

• Henry of Navarre

• Louis XIV

• Henry VIII

• Charles V

What was the primary reason Henry VIII established the Church of England?

• To address theological differences

• To increase his political power

• To combat the spread of Islam

• To unify with the Catholic Church

How did the Puritans view the Church of England?

• As perfectly reformed

• As too similar to the Roman Catholic Church

• As too radical

• As the ideal church model

What was one consequence of the Puritans' critical stance towards the Anglican Church?

• They gained political power in England

• They were granted freedom to practice openly

• They faced persecution and left England

• They converted to Catholicism

What did the Edict of Nantes establish in France?

• A ban on all religious practices

• A state-controlled church

• Religious pluralism

• An alliance with the Vatican

Which two countries emerged as major powers in Europe by centralizing their states during the 16th century?

• Germany and Italy

• Spain and France

• England and Portugal

• Poland and Austria

In which empire did the Thirty Year's War start?

• Spanish Empire
• Holy Roman Empire
• British Empire
• Ottoman Empire

Who were the leaders that united Christians against Muslims in Spain during the centralization process?

• Charles VII and Philip II

• Ferdinand and Isabella

• Henry IV and Louis XIII

• Sigismund I and II

What was the result of noble resistance in Spain and France during the early 1600s?

• Complete regain of noble power

• Strengthening of monarchical control in France

• Permanent independence for Catalonia

• Total collapse of centralized governance

Why did Poland struggle to centralize power in contrast to Spain and France?

• Lack of resources for centralization

• Stronger military opposition from neighboring countries

• Resistance from Polish nobles who maintained their privileges

• Support from other European powers for decentralization