MILE5004_Week10 Review

A study asks 200 college students to rate their confidence in speaking English in different contexts (e.g., with friends, in class) using a 5-point scale. This is a:

• An observational study

• Survey Research

• Experimental Research

• Case Study

In a study on pronunciation improvement, participants are randomly assigned to either an app-based training group or a traditional listening group. Their pronunciation is tested before and after the training. This is a:

• Survey Research

• Experimental Research

• Observational Study

• Case Study

In a study examining the effect of digital flashcards on vocabulary retention in beginner French learners, what are the independent and dependent variables?

• Independent variable: Vocabulary retention; Dependent variable: Use of digital flashcards

• • Independent variable: Vocabulary level; Dependent variable: Flashcard type

• Independent variable: Learners' age; Dependent variable: Vocabulary retention

• • Independent variable: Use of digital flashcards; Dependent variable: Vocabulary retention

A researcher explores how different teaching techniques affect students’ speaking fluency in a language class. Three groups of intermediate Spanish learners are taught using role-play exercises, pronunciation drills, and conversation practice. After six weeks, each student completes a speaking test to measure their fluency and pronunciation accuracy.

• Independent variable: Teaching technique; Dependent variable: Time spent on each technique.

• Independent variable: Language proficiency level; Dependent variable: Type of speaking test.

• Independent variable: Teaching technique; Dependent variables: Speaking fluency and pronunciation accuracy.

• • Independent variable: Speaking improvement; Dependent variable: Teaching style.

Which of the following is a confounding variable in an experiment measuring the effect of multimedia input on vocabulary acquisition?

• The type of multimedia (e.g., videos, audio recordings).

• • The age and language proficiency of the participants.

• The way the vocabulary test is administered (online or in-person).

• The vocabulary level of the material being taught.

In an experiment studying the effect of peer feedback on writing improvement in English language learners, which of the following is a confounding variable?

• The students’ initial level of writing proficiency before the experiment begins.

• The type of peer feedback provided (positive reinforcement vs. constructive criticism).

• The number of feedback sessions each group receives.

• The specific writing topics used in each session.

What is the purpose of a control group in an experimental study on the impact of VR on learners' listening comprehension?

• • To provide additional instructional resources.

• To allow all students to experience VR in the study.

• To serve as a baseline comparison to measure the effect of VR.

• To receive extra practice outside of the VR experiment.

In an experiment testing the effectiveness of different teaching methods on language learning, researchers collect data using various measures. Identify the correct level of measurement for each type of data collected:

• Nominal

• Number of vocabulary words learned by each student during the experiment

• Ratio

• Student satisfaction with the teaching method, rated on a scale of 1 (very unsatisfied) to 5 (very satisfied)

• Interval

• Test scores out of 100 on a final language proficiency test

• Ordinal

• Teaching method used (e.g., lecture, group work, online module)

If an experiment shows that students who participate in peer tutoring sessions score higher on grammar tests, what can be concluded?

• • Peer tutoring is the sole reason for higher grammar test scores.

• The higher grammar test scores prove that peer tutoring is effective in all contexts.

• Peer tutoring may improve grammar test scores, but other factors could also influence the results.

• Grammar test scores are unrelated to the impact of peer tutoring.

A researcher hypothesizes that interactive storytelling improves speaking fluency in a second language. Which of the following best represents this hypothesis?

• There will be no difference in fluency between students who use storytelling and those who do not.

• • Interactive storytelling will have a negative effect on fluency.

• Students who participate in interactive storytelling will show higher fluency than those who do not.

• Interactive storytelling has no impact on second language skills.