Gene Expression and Mutations Review

The process of a cell developing into a certain type has two names, what are they?

• Replication

• Translation

• Differentiation

• Specialization

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Cells differentiate to perform different functions because

• all genes are turned on inside that cell

• all genes are turned off inside that cell

• different genes are turned on inside that cell

• different genes are turned on or off inside that cell

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There are about 200 different types of cells in the human body. All these cells have the same DNA. True or False?

• True

• False

• maybe

• it depends upon the type

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Unspecialized cells in our body that has the ability to differentiate into different types of cells are called

• specialized cells

• differentiated cells

• nerve cells

• stem cells

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Stem cells can replace specialized cells within damaged tissue. Once they are in place, stem cells receive chemical signals which activate the appropriate set of genes. This demonstrates that which of the following plays a role in cell differentiation?

• radiation

• environment

• antibodies

• blood type

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Bone cells are different than brain cells because bone cells –

• do not undergo cell division

• cannot maintain homeostasis

• contain charged ions

• express different genes

When gene expression occurs

• A gene is mutated with either an insertion or deletion

• The gene is removed from the genotype in that cell

• The gene is passed on to the daughter cells during mitosis

• The gene is activated and used in protein synthesis

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A permanent change in the DNA sequence

which can affect a single gene or group of genes

• Homeostasis

• Somatic Cell

• Chromosomal Mutation

• Gene Mutation

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One nucleotide base is changed so only one amino acid

is affected

• Substitution Mutation

• Point Mutation

• Translocation

• Inverse Mutation

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A point mutation where one nucleotide base replaces an original nucleotide base

• Inversion Mutation

• Chromosomal Mutation

• Translocation

• Substitution Mutation

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