Chapter 11- Social Psychology

What is the bystander effect in social psychology?

• The tendency for people to help others in emergencies.

• The phenomenon where individuals are less likely to help a victim when other people are present.

• The increased likelihood of helping behavior in a group setting.

• The tendency to conform to the actions of others in a group.

Which of the following best describes stereotype threat?

• The fear of confirming negative stereotypes about one's group.

• The belief that all members of a group share the same characteristics.

• The act of discriminating against a group based on stereotypes.

• The process of forming stereotypes about a new group.

What are the three dimensions through which we make attributions according to attribution theory?

• Internal, external, and stable.

• Personal, situational, and temporary.

• Locus, stability, and controllability.

• Cognitive, emotional, and behavioral.

What is the fundamental attribution error (FAE)?

• The tendency to attribute others' behavior to situational factors.

• The tendency to overestimate the influence of personal traits and underestimate situational factors in explaining others' behavior.

• The tendency to attribute one's own behavior to external factors.

• The tendency to attribute success to personal factors and failure to situational factors.

How do attitudes influence our behavior?

• Attitudes have no impact on behavior.

• Attitudes always directly determine behavior.

• Attitudes can influence behavior, especially when they are strong and specific.

• Attitudes only influence behavior in group settings.

What is cognitive dissonance?

• The discomfort experienced when holding conflicting cognitions.

• The process of changing one's beliefs to match their actions.

• The tendency to conform to group norms.

• The act of discriminating against others based on stereotypes.

Which of the following is a way to reduce cognitive dissonance?

• Ignoring the conflicting information.

• Changing one of the conflicting cognitions.

• Increasing the importance of the conflicting cognition.

• Avoiding situations that cause dissonance.

What is altruism?

• The tendency to act in one's own self-interest.

• The desire to help others without expecting anything in return.

• The act of conforming to social norms.

• The process of forming stereotypes about others.

What is the difference between prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination?

• Prejudice is a cognition, stereotypes are an affect, and discrimination is an action.

• Prejudice is an action, stereotypes are a cognition, and discrimination is an affect.

• Prejudice is an affect, stereotypes are a cognition, and discrimination is an action.

• Prejudice is an action, stereotypes are an affect, and discrimination is a cognition.

What is conformity?

• The act of helping others in need.

• The tendency to change one's behavior to match the responses or actions of others.

• The process of forming stereotypes about others.

• The tendency to act aggressively towards others.