Understanding Key Tech Terms

What is the role of an agent in a computer system?

• An agent is a type of hardware component in a computer.

• An agent only stores data without processing it.

• An agent is responsible for physical maintenance of the system.

• An agent automates tasks and makes decisions on behalf of users or systems.

Answer explanation

An agent in a computer system automates tasks and makes decisions, enhancing efficiency and user experience. This distinguishes it from hardware components or data storage, which do not perform such functions.

Define AI and its significance in technology.

• AI is the study of human behavior in social settings.

• AI refers to the physical hardware used in computers.

• AI is primarily used for entertainment purposes only.

• AI is the simulation of human intelligence in machines, significant for automating processes and enhancing decision-making in technology.

Answer explanation

AI, or artificial intelligence, simulates human intelligence in machines. Its significance lies in automating processes and enhancing decision-making, making it crucial in various technological advancements.

What is an application in the context of software?

• A type of computer virus.

• An operating system that runs on servers.

• A tool for managing hardware components.

• A software program designed to perform specific tasks for users.

Answer explanation

An application is a software program designed to perform specific tasks for users, distinguishing it from viruses, operating systems, and hardware management tools.

Explain what an automated task is and give an example.

• A manual task is when a person physically organizes files.

• An automated task is when a computer runs a program without any input.

• An example of an automated task is a person sending emails every day.

• An example of an automated task is a scheduled backup of files on a server.

Answer explanation

An automated task is performed by a computer without human intervention. A scheduled backup of files on a server is a clear example, as it runs automatically at set times, ensuring data is regularly saved without manual effort.

What is a component in a computer system?

• A component in a computer system is an individual part or element that contributes to the system's functionality.

• A component is a type of computer virus that affects system performance.

• A component is a software application that runs on the computer.

• A component refers to the entire computer system as a whole.

Answer explanation

A component in a computer system refers to individual parts, such as hardware or software, that work together to enable the system's functionality. This makes the first choice the correct answer.

Describe the field of computer science.

• Computer science only involves programming languages.

• Computer science is the study of computation, algorithms, and information processing.

• Computer science is solely focused on hardware design.

• Computer science is the study of human behavior and psychology.

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights that computer science encompasses the study of computation, algorithms, and information processing, which are fundamental aspects of the field, unlike the other options that misrepresent its scope.

What does cybersecurity aim to protect against?

• Unauthorized access, data breaches, cyberattacks, and threats to information systems.

• User training programs

• Network performance issues

• Software updates

Answer explanation

Cybersecurity aims to protect against unauthorized access, data breaches, cyberattacks, and threats to information systems, ensuring the integrity and confidentiality of data.

Define a cyber threat and provide an example.

• A cyber threat refers to a physical attack on hardware; an example is a flood damaging servers.

• A cyber threat is a benign software update; an example is a routine system patch.

• A cyber threat is a type of software that improves system performance; an example is a system optimizer.

• A cyber threat is a potential malicious attack on computer systems; an example is ransomware.

Answer explanation

A cyber threat is defined as a potential malicious attack on computer systems. Ransomware is a prime example, as it encrypts data and demands payment for access, posing a significant risk to organizations.

What is a data breach and why is it concerning?

• A data breach is when data is shared publicly for transparency.

• A data breach is an incident where unauthorized access to sensitive data occurs, raising concerns about privacy, security, and potential misuse of information.

• A data breach is a method of data encryption that enhances security.

• A data breach is a routine check of data integrity by authorized personnel.

Answer explanation

A data breach involves unauthorized access to sensitive data, which is concerning due to risks to privacy, security, and the potential for misuse of that information. This highlights the importance of protecting personal data.

Explain the importance of data protection.

• Data protection is essential for privacy, compliance, trust, and preventing data breaches.

• Data protection only benefits the government.

• Data protection is only necessary for large corporations.

• Data protection is irrelevant in the digital age.

Answer explanation

Data protection is crucial as it safeguards individual privacy, ensures compliance with laws, builds trust with users, and helps prevent data breaches, making it vital for everyone, not just governments or large corporations.