Electrolysis and Electronic Configuration

What is the principle of electrolysis?

• Electrolysis involves mixing chemicals to create energy.

• Electrolysis is the process of cooling liquids to solidify them.

• Electrolysis is a method of heating substances.

• The principle of electrolysis is the use of electric current to induce a chemical reaction.

Define Faraday's first law of electrolysis.

• The mass of substance deposited is proportional to the electric charge.

• The mass of substance deposited is inversely proportional to the electric charge.

• The mass of substance is independent of the electric charge.

• The electric charge is proportional to the temperature change.

How does Faraday's second law of electrolysis differ from the first?

• Faraday's first law focuses on the temperature of the electrolytic solution.

• Faraday's second law states that the mass produced is independent of the current.

• Faraday's second law relates the mass of substances produced to their equivalent weights, while the first law relates mass to the quantity of electricity.

• Faraday's first law relates the mass of substances to their chemical properties.

List two applications of electrolysis in industry.

• Water purification

• Battery charging

• 1. Metal extraction (e.g., aluminum production) 2. Electroplating (e.g., coating jewelry with gold)

• Food preservation

What is the role of the electrolyte in electrolysis?

• The electrolyte generates heat during the process of electrolysis.

• The electrolyte acts as a barrier to prevent ion movement.

• The electrolyte conducts electricity and enables ion movement during electrolysis.

• The electrolyte is only needed for chemical reactions to occur.

Explain the process of electrolysis in terms of oxidation and reduction.

• Electrolysis involves oxidation at the anode and reduction at the cathode.

• Electrolysis occurs only at the cathode.

• Reduction happens exclusively at the anode.

• Oxidation takes place at both electrodes.

How do you calculate the mass of a substance deposited during electrolysis?

• mass = (V × R) / (n × F)

• mass = (I × t × M) / (n × F)

• mass = (P × t) / (n × F)

• mass = (I × t) / (M × F)

What is the electronic configuration of sodium (Na)?

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3p¹

• 1s² 2s² 3p⁶ 3s¹

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹

Describe the significance of electronic configuration in chemical bonding.

• Electronic configuration has no impact on chemical reactions.

• Chemical bonding is solely determined by temperature and pressure.

• Electronic configuration is crucial in determining how atoms bond, influencing bond type and stability.

• All atoms have the same electronic configuration regardless of their bonding.

How does the electronic configuration of an element affect its reactivity?

• The electronic configuration has no impact on reactivity.

• All elements have the same reactivity regardless of their electronic configuration.

• The electronic configuration affects reactivity by determining the number of valence electrons, influencing how easily an element can gain or lose electrons.

• Reactivity is solely determined by an element's atomic mass.