Ecology Review- Honors Biology

Mistletoe is an evergreen shrub that can produce most

of its own food. Often, mistletoe can be found living

on trees and taking water and nutrients away from the

tissues of the trees. The relationship between

mistletoe and trees is an example of

• consumer/herbivore

• predator/prey

• scavenger/decomposer

• parasite/host

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What is one of the best ways to represent how all

organisms are dependent on each other in an

ecosystem?

• a cell model

• a food chain

• a diagram of the water cycle

• a food web

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Stability within an ecosystem is achieved partially by

the presence of organisms that break down important

molecules and make them available for other

organisms to use. These organisms are

• plants

• herbivores

• scavengers

• decomposers

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Some organisms in an ecosystem are represented in

the pyramid below. In the pyramid, the arrows

labeled X represent

• the loss of organisms due to predation

• a decrease in photosynthetic organisms

• the loss of energy in the form of heat

• a decrease in available oxygen

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Carbon dioxide and oxygen are important resources

in ecosystems and are

• recycled through the activity of living and

  nonliving systems

• stored in the animals of the ecosystem

• lost due to the activities of decomposers

• released by the process of photosynthesis

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Although we rely on coal, oil, and natural gas to

produce energy, some environmental scientists have

proposed that we use less fossil fuel. One reason to

support this proposal is to

• enable us to preserve rainforests in tropical

  areas

• help us to reduce the production of carbon

  dioxide gas

• allow us to decrease the use of fertilizers on

  crops

• encourage us to end research on wind and water

  power sources

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The amount of energy that usually transfers from one trophic level to the next...

• 10%
• 20%
• 80%
• 50%

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In the energy pyramid here, which organisms have the most energy available?

• Producers
• Carnivores
• Herbivores
• Top Predator

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A frog eats a fly. The frog and fly are demonstrating ________.

• mutualism
• competition
• predation
• parasitism

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What causes an increase in atmospheric Carbon dioxide? 

• Factories burning fossil fuels.
• Reforming of the ozone layer.
• Decreasing cellular respiration.
• Leaves growing in the spring.

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