Memory and Cognitive Processes Quiz

A study on memory retention investigates how stress impacts the ability to form new episodic memories by measuring changes in synaptic strength before and after introducing a stressor. Which neurological process crucial for forming long-term memories might this stress be affecting?

• Long-term potentiation

• Neurogenesis

• Synaptic pruning

• Neural oscillation

When people fail to notice that a friend got a haircut, despite having just had a conversation about haircuts, this exemplifies:

• Change blindness

• Inattentional blindness

• Functional fixedness

• Semantic memory

Consider a scenario where after witnessing a car accident, a person remembers the car as being faster than it actually was. This memory distortion can be attributed to the influence of:

• Mood-congruent memory

• Misinformation effect

• Retroactive interference

• Imagination inflation

Increasing a consumers desire to purchase a gallon of milk by saying it is "90% Fat Free" instead of "Contains 10% Fat" is an example of

• Framing effect

• Representativeness heuristic

• Availability heuristic

• Gambler’s fallacy

If a teacher believes a student’s intelligence is static and unchangeable, which mindset does this reflect?

• Growth mindset

• Fixed mindset

• Flynn Effect

• Functional fixedness

How might the Flynn Effect be relevant in a discussion about the trends in IQ scores over several generations?

• It describes the increase in IQ scores generationally due to better nutrition and education.

• It reflects decreasing IQ scores due to increased exposure to media.

• It indicates how IQ scores remain stable across different cultural contexts.

• It explains the consistency of IQ scores regardless of changes in educational interventions.

After attending a long training session, an employee finds that he can recall the details of the procedures discussed at the end of the session much better than those at the beginning or middle. Which memory phenomenon best explains this situation?

• Primacy effect

• Recency effect

• Flashbulb memory

• Echoic memory

A study finds that despite high levels of noise in their environment, participants can focus on complex tasks. This ability to ignore distractions relates to:

• Cocktail party effect

• Selective attention

• Divided attention

• Sensory adaptation

If a study shows that children who spend more time playing outdoors have better spatial reasoning skills, this relationship would be an example of a(n):

• Causal relationship

• Correlational relationship

• Anomalous relationship

• Inverse relationship

When people tend to remember life events that match their current mood, this is known as:

• Mood-congruent memory

• Selective memory

• Cognitive dissonance

• Emotional reasoning