Operant Conditioning

What is instrumental conditioning also known as?

• Classical conditioning

• Operant conditioning

• Observational learning

• Pavlovian conditioning

Who conducted the earliest demonstration of instrumental conditioning?

• Ivan Pavlov

• B.F. Skinner

• Edward Thorndike

• John Watson

What was the primary objective of Thorndike's puzzle box experiment with cats?

• To see if cats could solve complex problems

• To determine if cats could escape the box quickly or gradually

• To study the social behaviors of cats

• To test the memory of cats

What did Thorndike use as a reward for cats in his experiment?

• Dog food

• Catnip

• Fish food

• Milk

What is the 'Law of Effect' as proposed by Thorndike?

• A principle that states rewards increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated

• A rule that suggests punishment is more effective than rewards

• A theory that implies learning happens instantly

• A method to measure the speed of learning

What was the purpose of NASA's experiment with the chimpanzee named Ham?

• To test if chimpanzees could survive in space

• To assess basic human functions in space

• To explore chimpanzee intelligence

• To improve space travel speed

What type of stimulus was Ham trained to respond to at NASA?

• Red light

• Blue light

• Green light

• Yellow light

What was Ham rewarded with for performing the desired response in NASA's experiment?

• An apple

• A banana pellet

• A piece of chocolate

• A peanut

What consequence did Ham face if he did not perform the desired response?

• No reward

• A mild electric shock

• Loss of privileges

• A loud noise

How did Ham's training on Earth demonstrate the power of instrumental conditioning?

• He failed to perform in a different environment

• He performed perfectly in outer space despite different conditions

• He became confused and disoriented in space

• He required additional training in space