Ch. 1 Concepts of Sports Injury

Which of the following descriptions is correct regarding an acute injury?

• Develops over a long period of time

• No clear causative mechanism

• Vague or absent signs and symptoms

• Characterized by rapid onset resulting from a traumatic event

Which of the following descriptions is correct regarding a chronic injury?

• Characterized by rapid onset resulting from a traumatic event

• Obvious, clearly identifiable causative mechanism

• Usually associated with a significant traumatic event

• Characterized by a slow, insidious onset

Which of the following is considered an intrinsic cause of overuse injury?

• Lack of proper conditioning

• Uneven playing surfaces

• Heat and humidity

• Improper shoes

Which of the following muscle contraction types has been identified as the most common causative factor in tendon injury?

• Concentric contraction

• Static (isometric) contraction

• Isokinetic contraction

• Eccentric contraction

Which of the following is not a soft-tissue structure?

• Tendon

• Ligament

• Cartilage

• Bone

Which of the following descriptions is incorrect regarding catastrophic injury in the context of high school and collegiate sports?

• Includes injuries that result in permanent disability

• Involves damage to the brain and/or spinal cord and is potentially life threatening

• Typically results in death of the participant

• Caused by systemic failure related to exertion or by secondary complication

Which of the following is correct regarding the term sprain?

• It involves ligament tissue.

• A third-degree sprain is the least severe form.

• No hemorrhage is associated with a third-degree sprain.

• Second-degree sprains rarely recur.

Which of the following is correct regarding the term strain?

• This injury involves ligament tissue.

• This injury involves tissues such as tendon, muscle, and the musculotendinous junction.

• First-degree strains are the most severe form of this injury.

• Third-degree strains involve little associated damage to muscle and tendon structures.

Which of the following terms denotes the formation of a bone-like structure within muscle tissue, often related to severe contusion?

• Hematoma

• Ecchymosis

• Myositis ossificans

• Subluxation

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding a stress fracture?

• This injury occurs when bone is subjected to repeated episodes of overloading that exceed the rate of recovery.

• There is usually an absence of trauma in the presence of symptoms.

• Typically the athlete with a stress fracture is involved in a repetitive activity.

• Stress fractures are easily diagnosed in the initial phase with a standard X-ray.