2.2 HL ESS Quiz

What is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems?

• Chemical energy

• Solar energy

• Thermal energy

• Nuclear energy

The first law of thermodynamics states that:

• Energy can be created and destroyed.

• Energy can be transformed but not created or destroyed.

• Energy is always lost as heat.

• Energy is only transferred between trophic levels.

Which process converts light energy into chemical energy in ecosystems?

• Cellular respiration

• Photosynthesis

• Chemosynthesis

• Fermentation

What is the role of autotrophs in an ecosystem?

• They decompose dead matter.

• They consume other organisms for energy.

• They produce their own food using inorganic materials.

• They recycle nutrients back into the soil.

Which of the following organisms is a photoautotroph?

• Fungi

• Algae

• Earthworms

• Bacteria in deep-sea vents

What is the main difference between photoautotrophs and chemoautotrophs?

• Photoautotrophs use light energy, while chemoautotrophs use chemical energy.

• Photoautotrophs are consumers, while chemoautotrophs are producers.

• Photoautotrophs perform cellular respiration, while chemoautotrophs do not.

• Photoautotrophs are found in deep-sea ecosystems, while chemoautotrophs are not.

What is the primary energy source for chemoautotrophs?

• Sunlight

• Organic matter

• Inorganic chemical reactions

• Heat from the sun

Which of the following best describes the second law of thermodynamics in relation to ecosystems?

• Energy is destroyed as it moves through trophic levels.

• Energy transfers are 100% efficient.

• Energy transfers are inefficient, and some energy is lost as heat.

• Energy is stored indefinitely in ecosystems.

What happens to most of the energy that is not transferred to the next trophic level?

• It is stored as biomass.

• It is lost as heat.

• It is recycled by decomposers.

• It is converted back into sunlight.

Which of the following is an example of secondary productivity?

• A plant converting sunlight into glucose.

• A herbivore gaining energy from consuming plants.

• A decomposer breaking down dead organic matter.

• A tree storing carbon in its biomass.