Chapter 10 Study Guide

The muscles that are most directly involved in bringing about a movement are called which of the following?

• synergist

• agonist

• antagonist

• moment arm

The replacement of type II fibers with fat is termed which of the following?

• sarcopenic obesity

• severe obesity

• rhabdomyolysis

• myostatin inhibition

A lever is defined as which of the following?

• a prime mover

• the agonist

• an eccentric muscle action followed by a quick concentric muscle action

• a rigid structure that moves on a fixed point called the fulcrum

Muscle hypertrophy is defined as which of the following?

• muscular enlargement from an increase in available energy in the muscle

• increase in the number of muscle fibers via longitudinal fiber splitting

• increase in the cross-sectional area of the existing fibers

• increase in number of connective tissue in the muscle

a muscle contraction wherein the muscle shortens because the contractile force is greater than the resistive force

• concentric

• eccentric

• isometric

Flexibility is defined as ______.

• the ability of a muscle fiber to respond rapidly to a chemical or electrical signal

• the capacity of the muscle to stretch to the normal resting length after contracting

• the ability to move a joint through a full range of motion

• the ability to return to its original resting length after a stretch

When a muscle lengthens as it contracts, this is known as a ______.

• concentric contraction

• isometric contraction

• eccentric contraction

• isokinetic contraction

An isometric muscle action is a muscle action in which the muscle ______.

• lengthens because the contractile force is less than the resistive force

• does not change length because the contractile force is equal to the resistive force

• shortens because the contractile force is greater than the resistive force

• does not change because the both the agonist and the antagonist are relaxed

a muscle contraction wherein the muscle length does not change because the contractile force is equal to the resistive force

• isometric

• eccentric

• concentric

a muscle contraction wherein the muscle lengthens because the contractile force is less than the resistive force

• concentric

• isometric

• eccentric