Use the information to answer the question. The tables show the speeds of P-waves as they pass through different materials and their speeds through different layers of Earth. Which statement best describes the movement of P-waves?

P-waves travel faster in dense materials.

P-waves travel faster near Earth’s surface.

P-waves travel the same speed in all types of rocks.

P-waves travel slower in solids.

Use the information to answer the question. The tables show the speeds of P-waves as they pass through different materials and their speeds through different layers of Earth. What does the data about P-waves show about the layers of Earth?

The mantle is more dense than the crust.

The crust does not contain soft rocks.

The outer core is hotter than the inner core.

The inner core is mostly made of liquid.

Radio waves, microwaves, and infrared radiation are all classifications of the electromagnetic spectrum. Scientists use all three types of waves to gather information about the universe. What is the difference between the three classifications?

They are classified according to wavelength, and radio waves have the longest wavelength.

They are classified according to their speed, and microwaves have the most energy.

They are classified according to their energy, and infrared radiation has the greatest speed.

They are classified according to frequency, and radio waves have the highest frequency.

Scientists theorize that the supercontinent Pangaea broke apart because of moving tectonic plates. Which evidence supports the theory?

The rapid movement of today’s continents shows that the continents are moving in many directions and move back and forth across Earth’s surface.

The slow movement of today’s continents shows that continental movements are processes that occur very rapidly for short periods of time and then slow down.

Recent earthquakes around the Pacific Ocean show that geologic events occur more often now than in the past.

Volcanic eruptions enlarging the mid-ocean ridge in the Atlantic Ocean show a process that would have occurred during all geologic periods.

The image shows two different communication systems that use radio waves to transmit information. Which property of radio waves helps in the transfer of information in these communication systems?

Radio waves can travel in both vacuum and air.

Radio waves can only travel in air.

Radio waves can only travel short distances.

Radio waves can always reflect to the source of transmission.

A student uses two blocks floating in a beaker of water to demonstrate how tectonic plates move. As the student heats the water, how will the blocks move?

As the water molecules heat, they become less dense and rise, moving the blocks apart.

As the water molecules heat, they become more dense and rise, moving the blocks apart.

As the water molecules heat, they become more dense and sink, moving the blocks together.

As the water molecules heat, they become less dense and sink, moving the blocks together.

A geostationary satellite is an Earth-orbiting satellite that travels from west to east over the equator. The geostationary satellite moves in its orbit with the same speed that Earth rotates. A polar-orbiting satellite travels north to south, passing over the North Pole and the South Pole. Which satellite can be used to record images of the entire planet?

Polar-orbiting satellite; it scans the whole globe while Earth rotates.

Geostationary satellite; it records data about Earth throughout the day and night.

Polar-orbiting satellite; it remains the same distance from Earth’s surface.

Geostationary satellite; it moves in the same direction as Earth rotates.

A student has two balloons filled with air labeled X and Y. The student rubs balloon X with a silk cloth and attaches it to the bottom of a table. In two trials, the student rubs balloon Y with the silk cloth and attaches it to the bottom of the table at different distances from balloon X. The student records the observations in a table. Which argument is supported with evidence from the observations?

The smaller the distance between the charged balloons, the larger the strength of the electric field between the balloons, and the larger the force of the field on the balloons.

The larger the distance between the charged balloons, the larger the strength of the electric field between the balloons, and the larger the force of the field on the balloons.

The larger the distance between the charged balloons, the smaller the strength of the electric field between the balloons, and the larger the force of the field on the balloons.

The smaller the distance between the charged balloons, the smaller the strength of the electric field between the balloons, and the larger the force of the field on the balloons.

Which object is thrown with the greatest force?

a sphere with a mass of 10 g that is accelerating at 10 m/s²

a cube with a mass of 10 g that is accelerating at 8 m/s²

a cylinder with a mass of 10 g that is accelerating at 6 m/s²

a pyramid with a mass of 10 g that is accelerating at 4 m/s²

What is the difference between a digital signal and an analog signal?

A digital signal sends, stores, and receives information as either an on or off state.

A digital signal sends, stores, and receives information using mechanical waves.

A digital signal sends, stores, and receives information continuously in a range of states.

A digital signal sends, stores, and receives information best over short distances.

A teacher models a theory of gravity by stretching fabric across a frame. First, the teacher rolls a marble across the fabric and the marble slows to a stop. Next, the teacher puts a weight in the center to represent a star. The teacher has a student roll the marble around the fabric to represent an object in space. The marble rolls around the star in smaller and smaller circles, until it hits the star. What are the limitations to the model in representing gravity?

The marble slows down on the fabric, and that would not happen in space.

Only one marble rolls around the weight, and there are many objects in space.

The marble rolls around the weight and a planet moves directly toward a star.

The model can only use one size of marble, and there are many sizes of planets.

Use the information to answer the question. The diagram shows the force required for a person to lift a suitcase off the ground. Which change to the suitcase will require a larger force to lift the suitcase?

increasing the mass of the suitcase

decreasing the mass of the suitcase

increasing the size of the suitcase

decreasing the size of the suitcase

A student places a paper clip beneath a magnet, and the paper clip does not move. The student moves the magnet near the paper clip, and the paper clip moves toward the magnet. The student changes the poles of the magnet and observes that the paper clip moves toward the magnet again. Which conclusion does the observation support?

Each pole of the magnet has a magnetic field that exerts force on the paper clip.

The magnetic field disappears when the poles are changed.

When the pole of a magnet is changed, the paper clip behaves as a magnet.

The paper clip has a magnetic field around it that makes it attract toward the magnet.

The diagram shows a sound wave. Louder sounds have more energy. Which characteristic of the wave changes to double the volume of the wave in the diagram?

Distance X would decrease by half.

Distance Z would decrease by half.

Two students create a procedure for an experiment. 1. Place a 20 kg cart at one end of a 30 m hallway. 2. Apply a force to the cart. 3. Measure how far the cart moves before it stops rolling. 4. Repeat steps 1-3 using different amounts of force each time. 5. Create a graph of the amount of force used and distance achieved by the cart for each test. Which part of the experiment is the dependent variable?

the distance that the cart rolls

In a sandbox, a child applies a force of 5 newtons to four blocks that have different masses. The table shows the masses of the blocks. Which block’s accelerations are correctly compared?

Block 1 will have a greater acceleration than Block 2.

Block 2 will have a greater acceleration than Block 3.

Block 1 will have a smaller acceleration than Block 3.

Block 2 will have a smaller acceleration than Block 4.

A scientist studying the star claims that it is moving farther from Earth. Which emission spectra data can be used to support the scientist’s claim?

data collected 30 years in the future that show the star’s spectra lines are shifted more toward blue compared to current data

data from 30 years ago that show the star’s spectra lines were in the same position as the current data

data from 30 years ago that show the star’s spectra lines were shifted more toward blue compared to current data

data collected 30 years in the future that show the star’s spectra lines are in the same position as the current data

A sound wave with a frequency of 10 kHz travels through 50 m of three different mediums. Medium 1 has the lowest density, and Medium 3 has the highest density.Which statement best describes the sound wave in the different density mediums?

The wave has greater energy in low-density mediums.

It travels the fastest in low-density mediums.

It travels the fastest in high-density mediums.

The wave has greater energy in high-density mediums.

Which new design’s predicted results are supported by the changes that have been tested?

Using 20 turns of wire with less wire between the electric generator will increase the magnetic field strength of the electric generator, and the bulb will glow brighter.

Rotating the wire loop slowly and keeping the magnet with the north pole on top will increase the magnetic field strength of the electric generator, and the bulb will glow brighter.

Using 30 turns of wire and turning the wire loop quickly will decrease the magnetic field strength of the electric generator, and the bulb will be dimmer.

Using 23 turns of wire and placing the magnet with the south pole on top will decrease the magnetic field strength of the electric generator, and the bulb will be dimmer.

Which experiment best demonstrates gravity as a noncontact force?

Drop an object from different heights, and record how fast the object moves before it hits the ground.

Place different kinds of materials near a magnet, and record which materials stick to the magnet.

Pull on springs made from different thicknesses of metal, and record the force it takes to stretch the springs to the same length.

Attach together objects of different masses, and record how much force it takes to separate them.

An analog and a digital signal are transmitted over the same distance. Which signal is better for information transfer, and why?

Digital; it is less likely to lose information during transmission.

Analog; it is less likely to lose information during transmission.

Analog; it is transmitted and received as a continuous signal.

Digital; it is transmitted and received as a continuous signal.

When experiencing an earthquake, which waves reach a location first, and why?

P-waves reach a location first because they are the fastest seismic waves.

P-waves reach a location first because they are emitted from the earthquake first.

S-waves reach a location first because they are emitted from the earthquake first.

S-waves reach a location first because they are the fastest seismic waves.

What is the relationship between the strengths of the action and reaction forces of a block resting on a table?

The downward action force of the block on the table is equal to the upward reaction force of the table on the block.

The downward action force of the block on the table is twice the upward reaction force of the table on the block.

The downward action force of the block on the table is half of the upward reaction force of the table on the block.

The downward action force of the block on the table is four times the upward reaction force of the table on the block.

In two trials, a student places an empty soda can on a flat surface. The student rubs a balloon with a wool cloth for 15 seconds before each trial. In Trial 1, the student places the balloon 1 cm away from the soda can. In Trial 2, the student places the balloon 6 cm away from the soda can. The table shows both trials. The soda can rolls away from the balloon in Trial 1 but not in Trial 2. What is the student testing in the trials?

How does distance affect the electric field between charged objects?

How does the size of objects affect the electric field between charged objects?

How does rubbing objects with different materials change the charge on the objects?

How does the time spent rubbing objects decrease the charge on the objects?

The diagram shows a signal that has been modified to be sent through a computer. How has the signal been modified to allow the information to be transmitted through the computer?

It has been converted from an analog signal to binary data.

It has been converted from a digital signal to binary data.

It has been converted from an analog signal to a continuous signal.

It has been converted from a digital signal to a continuous signal.

Which student’s model best shows how the gravity of the Sun affects the orbit of Earth?

A student swings a ball on a rope in a circle.

A student hits a thrown ball by swinging a bat.

A student watches an aluminum foil boat float in water.

A student pulls on a rope attached to a wall.

Which statement correctly explains the effect of convection currents within Earth’s mantle?

They cause the movement of tectonic plates, giving rise to mid-ocean ridges.

They increase the thickness of the inner core, giving rise to trenches.

They reduce the thickness of the outer core, giving rise to mid-ocean ridges.

They cause the movement of the asthenosphere to the core, giving rise to trenches.

Which statement describes one step in the formation of a solar system from a nebula?

Hydrogen gas in the nebula collects to form a star in the middle of the protoplanetary disk due to gravitational attraction.

Metal asteroids collect to form planets in the nebula due to magnetic attraction.

Dense atoms in the nebula cool and collect into planets in the rings of the protoplanetary disk.

When the speaker is turned on, the sprinkles bounce up and down. Which will happen to the sprinkles when the sound on the speaker is played louder?

The sprinkles will bounce higher because louder sounds carry more energy.

The sprinkles will bounce higher because louder sounds carry less energy.

The sprinkles will bounce lower because louder sounds carry more energy.

The model shows two objects, X and Y, in space. X revolves around Y, and both spin on their own axes.Based on the model, what keeps X in orbit around Y?

the force of gravity between X and Y

Benchmark 2 (22-24)

Authored by Courtney Blake

Science

8th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 38+ times

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50 questions

Show all answers

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which scenario best represents how a digital signal codes and sends information?

a light flashing for long, medium, and short amounts of time

a horn beeping the same tone a specific number of times

chalk marks on the ground in two different colors

an image made from many small dots projecting on a sheet

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-3

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What causes tectonic plates on Earth’s crust to move?

cycling of matter and energy from the mantle below the crust

heating during the day and cooling during the night in daily cycles

tidal forces exerted by the Moon’s gravity that act on Earth’s oceans

wind and wave forces caused by weather patterns on Earth

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

A roller skater rolls away from a wall by pushing against the wall. Which force causes the roller skater to move away from the wall?

the force applied by the wall on the roller skater

the force applied by the roller skater on the wall

the gravitational force acting on the roller skater

the normal force on the roller skater

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Sound energy can cause matter to vibrate in place. Which sound wave will be able to vibrate matter the most?

A louder sound; it has higher energy and a greater amplitude.

A louder sound; it has higher energy and a greater wavelength.

A softer sound; it has lower energy and a greater wavelength.

A softer sound; it has lower energy and a greater amplitude.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which electric motor will turn the wire coil the fastest?

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-3

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What change to motor design Q will increase the speed of rotation of its wire coil?

Change the number of magnets in the stack of magnets to 2.

Change the number of magnets in the stack of magnets to 4.

Change the number of loops in the wire coil to 2.

Change the number of loops in the wire coil to 4.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1

NGSS.MS-ETS1-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

How should the stars be ordered from closest to farthest from Earth?

1 2 3 4

2 4 1 3

3 1 4 2

4 3 2 1

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

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Benchmark 2 (22-24)

Which scenario best represents how a digital signal codes and sends information?

What causes tectonic plates on Earth’s crust to move?

A roller skater rolls away from a wall by pushing against the wall. Which force causes the roller skater to move away from the wall?

Sound energy can cause matter to vibrate in place. Which sound wave will be able to vibrate matter the most?

Which electric motor will turn the wire coil the fastest?

What change to motor design Q will increase the speed of rotation of its wire coil?

How should the stars be ordered from closest to farthest from Earth?

The graph shows the change in positions of four objects (E, F, G, and H) with time. Which object changes its direction during the time period?

Use the information to answer the question. The tables show the speeds of P-waves as they pass through different materials and their speeds through different layers of Earth. Which statement best describes the movement of P-waves?

Use the information to answer the question. The tables show the speeds of P-waves as they pass through different materials and their speeds through different layers of Earth. What does the data about P-waves show about the layers of Earth?

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