Modeling Matter Practice Test

Mario buys a new bottle of Prime from the store. He takes it home and weighs it. The bottle weighs 600 grams. Then, Mario puts the Prime in the freezer until it solidifies (frozen). He takes it out and weighs it again. How did the molecules in the Prime change as they solidified (froze)? (2 pts)

• The molecules started moving faster and got farther apart

• The molecules started moving slower and got closer together

• The molecules changed from liquid molecules to solid molecules

• The molecules got bigger and stopped moving.

Answer explanation

As Prime solidifies, its molecules lose energy, causing them to move slower and come closer together. This results in a solid state where the molecules are tightly packed compared to their liquid state.

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Use the information in this box to answer this question:

Kevin buys a new bottle of Prime from the store. He takes it home and weighs it. The bottle

weighs 450 grams. Then Kevin puts the Prime in the freezer until it solidifies. He takes it out

and weighs it again. How much would you expect the Gatorade bottle to weigh after it solidified? (2 pts)

• Less than 450 grams

• Exactly 450 grams

• More than 450 grams

• It depends on how much Prime was in the bottle

Answer explanation

The weight of the bottle remains the same after freezing because the mass of the liquid does not change. Therefore, the expected weight of the Gatorade bottle after solidification is exactly 450 grams.

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Mario buys a new bottle of Prime from the store. He takes it home and weighs it. The bottle weighs 600 grams. Then, Mario puts the Prime in the freezer until it solidifies. He takes it out and weighs it again. Which statement BEST describes how the Prime is different after it is solidified (frozen)? (2 pts)

• It is a liquid.

• It weighs more.

• It stays in one shape.

• It takes up less space.

Answer explanation

After solidifying, the Gatorade changes from a liquid to a solid state, meaning it stays in one shape. The other options are incorrect as it remains the same weight and takes up the same space.

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Prime is a mixture of water, sugar, and food coloring. Which of these models could be a model of the particles in Prime?

• Model A

• Model B

• Model C

• None of the above

Answer explanation

Model B accurately represents the mixture of water, sugar, and food coloring in Prime, showing the particles mixed together. Models A and C do not depict this mixture correctly, making Model B the correct choice.

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Which of the following objects are on a nanoscale, meaning it CANNOT be viewed with the human eye? Select ALL that apply.

• A grain of salt

• An atom

• A strand of hair

• A molecule of water

• A drop of dye

Answer explanation

An atom and a molecule of water are on a nanoscale, typically measuring in nanometers, making them invisible to the human eye. In contrast, a grain of salt, a strand of hair, and a drop of dye are much larger.

Which of the following statements are true? Select ALL that apply.

• When a solid “disappears” into a liquid, it has actually dissolved.

• All solids will dissolve when mixed with a liquid.

• When solids dissolve into a liquid their molecules disappear.

• Stirring a mixture of a solid and a liquid helps the solid dissolve.

Answer explanation

The statement "When a solid 'disappears' into a liquid, it has actually dissolved" is true because dissolution occurs at the molecular level. Additionally, "Stirring a mixture of a solid and a liquid helps the solid dissolve" is also true as it increases interaction.

Read the information attached before answering the question. How much would you expect each mixture of water and powder to weigh, knowing that water weighs 100 grams and each powder weighs 10 grams? (Hint: How much would water and sugar weigh when added together)

• 90 grams

• 100 grams

• 110 grams

• 170 grams

Answer explanation

To find the weight of the mixture, we add the weight of water and powder. Assuming a typical ratio, 100 grams of powder plus 10 grams of water gives a total of 110 grams, making 110 grams the expected weight.

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Read the information attached before answering the question. Why did Kristen choose to use the property of solubility in water, and not the particle size or color to identify the two powders? (Hint: Look at the solubility in water between flour and sugar.)

• Solubility is easier to observe.

• The solubility between the two powders is different when it's mixed with water.

• Solubility is a more reliable property.

• She didn't have a microscope.

Answer explanation

Keisha chose solubility because the two powders behave differently when mixed with water, making it a clear and effective method for identification compared to particle size or color.

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What evidence supports your claim that water's solubility is different from flour and baking soda?

• Color and texture are the same for flour and baking soda.

• Water is more cleaner than flour and baking soda.

• Baking soda and flour are both mixtures.

• Water contains more molecules than flour and baking soda.

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights that flour and baking soda share similar color and texture, indicating they are both solid substances, unlike water, which is a liquid and has distinct solubility properties.

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When Kristen mixed each powder with water, she got the following results (see the attached image). Identify Powder A and Powder B, based on the experiment’s results. Choose TWO answers, one answer

for Powder A and one answer for Powder B.

• Powder A is baking soda.

• Powder A is flour.

• Powder B is baking soda.

• Powder B is flour.

Answer explanation

Powder A is baking soda because it reacts with water to produce bubbles, indicating a chemical reaction. Powder B is flour, which does not react in the same way, showing it is a non-reactive substance when mixed with water.

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