Understanding Hazards and Risks

What is the difference between hazard and risk?

• Risk is the potential for harm; hazard is the likelihood of that harm occurring.

• Hazard is the same as risk.

• Hazard is the potential for harm; risk is the likelihood of that harm occurring.

• Hazard refers to the actual occurrence of harm, while risk is just a theoretical concept.

Why is it necessary to carry out risk assessments for organic compounds?

• To promote the use of synthetic chemicals over organic ones.

• To increase production efficiency of organic compounds.

• To identify hazards, evaluate exposure risks, and ensure safety for health and the environment.

• To reduce the cost of organic compound manufacturing.

List one way to reduce risks when handling hazardous materials.

• Use personal protective equipment (PPE).

• Mix hazardous materials with non-hazardous ones.

• Ignore safety data sheets (SDS).

• Store hazardous materials in open containers.

What is a homologous series in organic chemistry?

• A homologous series is defined by varying molecular weights without a pattern.

• A homologous series is a group of organic compounds with the same functional group and a constant difference in molecular formula.

• A homologous series is a collection of unrelated compounds.

• A homologous series consists of compounds with different functional groups.

Define a functional group and give an example.

• Amino group (-NH2)

• Carbonyl group (C=O)

• Hydroxyl group (-OH) is an example of a functional group.

• Carboxyl group (-COOH)

How do you name a compound using IUPAC nomenclature?

• The IUPAC name is based solely on the molecular weight of the compound.

• You can name a compound by its color and physical state.

• The IUPAC name of a compound is derived from its structure by identifying the longest carbon chain, numbering it, naming substituents, and combining these names appropriately.

• The IUPAC name is determined by the alphabetical order of the elements present.

What is the structural formula for butane?

• CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

• C3H8

• C5H12

• C4H10 or CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3

Classify the reaction of ethene with bromine: addition, substitution, oxidation, reduction, or polymerisation?

• substitution

• oxidation

• addition

• polymerisation

What precautions should be taken when working with flammable substances?

• Store flammable substances properly, use PPE, ensure good ventilation, keep away from ignition sources, and have fire extinguishers available.

• Store flammable substances in direct sunlight

• Wear loose clothing while handling chemicals

• Use water to extinguish all fires

Explain the significance of using less hazardous substances in reactions.

• Hazardous substances are always more effective in reactions.

• Using more hazardous substances increases reaction speed.

• Less hazardous substances are more expensive to use.

• The significance of using less hazardous substances in reactions lies in improved safety, reduced environmental impact, and enhanced sustainability.