Unit 1 Learning Checkpoint 2 -24-25

Which of the following statements correctly identifies the energy transfer that takes place as the change represented by the model occurs?

• The process is endothermic; energy is added to the system as the change occurs.

• The process is endothermic; energy is released from the system as the change occurs.

• The process is exothermic; energy is added to the system as the change occurs.

• The process is exothermic; energy is released from the system as the change occurs.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

Water has a higher boiling point than acetone does. Which of the following statements about water and acetone in the liquid state must be true?

• The density of water is greater than that of acetone.

• The density of water is less than that of acetone.

• The attractions between particles in water are greater than those in acetone.

• The attractions between particles in water are weaker than those in acetone.

Based on the information in the table, how much heat is needed to melt 10 g of ethanol?

• 0.01 kJ

• 0.09 kJ

• 1 kJ

• 9 kJ

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

A balloon is filled with helium gas at 25 °C. Which of the following particle diagrams(A, B, C, or D)best represents the gas distribution in the balloon?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-2

Fill in the blank: According to the ideal gas law, if the temperature of a gas is reduced, the pressure will _______ if the volume is constant.

• Increase

• Decrease

• Stay the same

• Cannot be determined

A balloon filled with dry air was placed outside in the afternoon. Overnight, the temperature dropped from 30 °C to 0 °C and the balloon’s volume changed, as shown in the diagram. Which of the following best explains the decrease in the volume of the balloon overnight compared with its volume in the afternoon? (Assume that the balloon is in perfect condition and the knot at the bottom is fully sealed.)

• The decrease in volume is due to the particles of gas getting smaller.

• The decrease in volume is due to the drop in temperature, which slowed the particles.

• The decrease in volume is due to a chemical reaction that reduced the number of gas particles in the balloon, causing the pressure to decrease.

• The decrease in volume is due to a phase change that caused liquid to form in the balloon, resulting in a decrease in pressure.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

NGSS.HS-PS3-2

The heat capacity of water is 4.18 J/(g · °C). How much heat is transferred during the experiment if 110 g of water went up in temperature from 25 to 27 degrees C?

• 220 J

• 230 J

• 460 J

• 920 J

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

Fill in the blank: The heat capacity of water is ______ J/(g · °C).

• 4.18

• 3.18

• 5.18

• 6.18

Which statement is true about thermal energy flow when the temperature of the copper decreases as it is dipped in a bath of cold water?

• Thermal energy must flow from the copper to the water.

• Thermal energy must flow from the water to the copper.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

Fill in the blank: When the temperature of the copper increases when it is dipped in water, thermal energy must flow from the ______.

• copper to the water

• water to the copper

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4