Thermodynamics and Energy Concepts

What was the main environmental issue with the Aral Sea?

• Climate change

• Inefficient irrigation

• Overfishing

• Pollution

Which of the following is a characteristic of a closed system?

• It creates new matter.

• It conserves matter.

• It exchanges matter with its surroundings.

• It exchanges energy with its surroundings.

According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy can be:

• Multiplied

• Converted

• Destroyed

• Created

What makes carbon an important biological atom?

• It has two valence electrons.

• It is highly reactive.

• It can form complex molecules.

• It is a noble gas.

Which element is most abundant by mass in humans?

• Nitrogen

• Carbon

• Hydrogen

• Oxygen

What is the primary component of seawater?

• Silicon

• Sodium

• Chloride

• Oxygen

Who first quantified energy using an apparatus involving falling weights?

• James Joule

• Isaac Newton

• Niels Bohr

• Albert Einstein

What is a watt a measure of?

• Energy per unit volume

• Energy per unit distance

• Energy per unit time

• Energy per unit mass

What happens to useful energy during energy conversion according to the second law of thermodynamics?

• It multiplies

• It decreases

• It remains constant

• It increases

What type of feedback loop helps maintain a steady state in a system?

• Neutral feedback loop

• Cyclic feedback loop

• Negative feedback loop

• Positive feedback loop