Unit 2 test Review

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic condition that is associated with defects in the CFTR protein found in the membrane. Which organelle synthesized the protein?

• Golgi Bodies

• Rough ER

• Smooth ER

• Lysosome

Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing which of the following molecules?

• glycogen
• cellulose
• proteins
• lipids

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

A patient has had a serious accident and lost a lot of blood. In an attempt to replenish body fluids, distilled water-equal to the volume of blood lost-is transferred directly into one of his veins. What will be the most probable result of this transfusion?

• The patient's red blood cells will shrivel up because the blood fluid has become hypertonic compared to the cells.
• The patient's red blood cells will shrivel up because the blood fluid has become hypotonic compared to the cells.
• It will have no unfavorable effect as long as the water is free of viruses and bacteria.
• The patient's red blood cells will swell because the blood fluid has become hypotonic compared to the cells.

White blood cells engulf bacteria through what process?

• pinocytosis
• osmosis
• phagocytosis
• exocytosis

Cells tend to be small, with sizes ranging between 1 and 100 mm. These small sizes help to ensure that cells have a favorable surface-area-to-volume ratio. Choose the statement that explains why a favorable surface-area-to-volume ratio is advantageous.

• Higher surface-area-to-volume ratios improve the efficiency of transporting materials in and out of cells.

• Lower surface-area-to-volume ratios improve the efficiency of transporting materials in and our of cells.

• Higher surface-area-to-volume ratios speed up the flow of cytoplasm within cells.

• Higher surface-area-to-volume ratios slow down the flow of cytoplasm within cells.

The Endosymbiotic Theory suggests that eukaryotic cells evolved when an ancient cell engulfed another, forming a permanent symbiotic relationship. Choose the evidence that best justifies this claim.

• Both mitochondria and chloroplasts perform energy functions

• Eukaryotic cells have many mitochondria

• Eukaryotic cells have traits in common with archaea

• Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain circular loops of unique DNA

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain all of the following EXCEPT

• Cell (Plasma) Membrane

• Chloroplast

• Cytoplasm

• Ribosomes

A protein that is destined for the membrane would be made 

• on a ribosome that is in the cytoplasm
• within a lysosome
• on a ribosome attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum 
• within the Golgi body

Which of the following cells would have the highest surface area to volume ratio?

• 1
• 2
• 3
• they are all the same

Biological membranes are composed primarily of 

• nucleotides and nucleosides
• enzymes, electron acceptors, and electron donors
• monosaccharides and diasaccharides
• lipids