Enlightenment Thought

a religious revival in the colonies during the 1730s and 40s that emphasized individual faith and emotional worship

• Great Awakening

• Enlightenment

• Industrial Revolution

• Glorious Revolution

an act passed by England's Parliament in 1689 that limited the monarch's power

• Treaty of Versailles

• Petition of Rights

• Declaration of Independence

• English Bill of Rights

the lawmaking body of England, consisting of representatives from throughout the kingdom

• Parliament

• Congress

• Supreme Court

• Council of Elders

an agreement made in 1215 listing the rights granted by King John to all free men of England

• Magna Carta

• Constitution

• Treaty of Versailles

• Bill of Rights

a power or privilege that belongs to people as citizens

• duty

• law

• rule

• right

English philosopher: all humans have natural rights, we form governments to protect our rights

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Baron de Montesquieu

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

English philosopher: if we didn't have governments then we'd always be fighting each other, governments protect us and the best kind is a central government (like a king).

• Niccolo Machiavelli

• Thomas Hobbes

• Baron de Montesquieu

• William Blackstone

Swiss Philosopher: people sacrifice some natural freedoms to be safe & secure, governments should do what is best for the whole group, all people should be involved in making the laws

• William Blackstone

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Niccolo Machiavelli

• Baron de Montesquieu

English judge: "common law" is all the rules and court decisions for situations from hundreds of years, ultimately the government should listen to the people and protect their rights

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• William Blackstone

French philosopher: liberty means something different to everyone, the government should be split into different sections that check to make sure no one part has too much power.

• Baron de Montesquieu

• William Blackstone

• Niccolo Machiavelli

• John Locke