Art Section Four

Who published the work of art criticism "System Esthetics" in 1968?

• Jack Burnham

• Harold Rosenberg

• Clement Greenberg

• Hilton Kramer

• Leo Steinberg

Ecology as a field of Western science has existed for approximately

• 550 years

• 150 years

• 250 years

• 450 years

• 350 years

A steady-state ecosystem

• responds minimally to external inputs

• grows slowly over time

• exhibits extreme entropy

• exists in equilibrium

• cannot be knocked out of balance

In the years following World War II, many models of ecosystems derived from

• quantum physics

• biochemistry

• computer science

• mechanical engineering

• linguistics

Among the scientific advances that led to the fall of the steady-state ecosystem model was the identification of

• trophic levels

• nutrient cycles

• open ecosystems

• population dynamics

• energy pyramids

Before becoming an artist alongside her husband, Helen Harrison worked as a(n)

• industrial engineer

• dentist

• midwife

• astrophysicist

• teacher

Helen and Newton Harrison described using all of the following materials in their first Making Earth piece EXCEPT

• sewage

• clay

• bones

• manure

• sand

Which museum hosted Shrimp Farm, Survival Piece #2?

• Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts (PAFA)

• Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA)

• Museum of Fine Arts, Houston

• Whitney Museum of American Art

• Museum of Fine Arts, Boston

Shrimp Farm, Survival Piece #2 was a response to the famous Earthwork

• Spiral Jetty

• Time Landscape

• Double Negative

• Vertical Kilometer

• Lever

Helen and Newton Harrison's The Lagoon Cycle began with an artwork centered on

• oysters

• lobsters

• shrimp

• eels

• crabs