Buffer Capacity and pH Changes

The video tutorial explains buffer capacity, comparing two buffer solutions with different concentrations of acetic acid and acetate anion. It uses the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to calculate initial pH and examines the effect of adding hydroxide anions. The tutorial demonstrates how buffer capacity is influenced by concentration and discusses the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system in blood.

What does an increased buffer capacity indicate about a buffer solution?

• It is less effective at maintaining a constant pH.

• It can neutralize more acid or base before a significant pH change.

• It has a lower concentration of weak acid and conjugate base.

• It changes pH more easily with the addition of acid or base.

Which equation is used to calculate the initial pH of a buffer solution?

• Nernst equation

• Van't Hoff equation

• Henderson-Hasselbalch equation

• Arrhenius equation

What is the initial pH of both buffer solutions before adding hydroxide anions?

• 3.50

• 7.00

• 4.74

• 5.00

What happens to the pH of buffer solution 1 after adding hydroxide anions?

• It remains the same.

• It increases significantly.

• It decreases significantly.

• It increases slightly.

Which buffer solution shows a greater resistance to pH change after adding hydroxide anions?

• Both show equal resistance

• Buffer solution 2

• Buffer solution 1

• Neither shows resistance

Why does buffer solution 1 have a higher buffer capacity than buffer solution 2?

• It has a higher concentration of acetic acid and acetate anion.

• It has a lower concentration of acetic acid.

• It has a different type of weak acid.

• It has a larger volume.

What happens when the concentration of weak acid is greater than the concentration of conjugate base in a buffer?

• The buffer becomes neutral.

• The buffer loses its capacity.

• The buffer has a higher capacity for added base.

• The buffer has a higher capacity for added acid.

In the blood buffer system, which component is present in a higher concentration?

• Bicarbonate

• Hydrochloric acid

• Carbonic acid

• Sodium chloride

Why does the blood buffer system need a higher capacity for added acid?

• Because the products of metabolism are mostly acidic.

• Because the products of metabolism are mostly basic.

• To maintain a basic pH.

• To increase the pH of blood.

What is the main buffer system used to control the pH of blood?

• Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system

• Phosphate buffer system

• Sulfate buffer system

• Ammonia buffer system