Understanding Covalent Bonds and Hybridization

What happens when two hydrogen atoms approach each other?

• They form an ionic bond.

• They repel each other.

• They remain unchanged.

• They form a covalent bond.

How is a covalent bond formed according to valence bond theory?

• By the overlap of nuclei.

• By the sharing of protons.

• By the sharing of electron density due to constructive interference.

• By the transfer of electrons.

What is a sigma bond?

• A bond formed by the side-to-side overlap of orbitals.

• A bond formed by the head-to-head overlap of atomic orbitals.

• A bond formed by the sharing of protons.

• A bond formed by the transfer of electrons.

What is the electron configuration of carbon in its ground state?

• 1s2 2s2 2p1

• 1s2 2s2 2p2

• 1s2 2s1 2p3

• 1s1 2s2 2p3

What is the result of mixing one s orbital and three p orbitals?

• Three sp3 hybrid orbitals

• Four sp3 hybrid orbitals

• Two sp2 hybrid orbitals

• Four sp2 hybrid orbitals

How many sigma bonds are present in methane?

• Four

• Five

• Two

• Three

What is the hybridization of the central carbon atom in methane?

• sp2

• sp

• sp3d

• sp3

How many sigma bonds are present in ethane (C2H6)?

• Five

• Six

• Seven

• Eight

What is the hybridization of carbon in ethane?

• sp3d

• sp3

• sp2

• sp

If a carbon atom is attached to three atoms, what is its hybridization?

• sp3d

• sp

• sp2

• sp3