Magnetism and Electron Configuration Concepts

The video tutorial explains how to determine the number of paired and unpaired electrons in elements, using fluorine, phosphorus, and iron as examples. It covers writing electron configurations, drawing orbital diagrams, and applying Hund's rule. The video also discusses the magnetic properties of elements, distinguishing between paramagnetic and diamagnetic substances, and introduces ferromagnetism in iron.

What is the first step in determining the number of paired and unpaired electrons for an element?

• Drawing the orbital diagram

• Writing the electron configuration

• Identifying the atomic number

• Applying Hund's rule

How many electrons can the p sublevel hold?

• 14

• 10

• 6

• 2

According to Hund's rule, how should electrons be added to degenerate orbitals?

• All at once

• In pairs

• With opposite spins

• One at a time with parallel spins

How many unpaired electrons does phosphorus have?

• 4

• 3

• 2

• 1

What type of magnetism is exhibited by elements with unpaired electrons?

• Ferromagnetism

• Antiferromagnetism

• Paramagnetism

• Diamagnetism

What is the characteristic of a paramagnetic substance?

• Strongly repelled by a magnetic field

• Weakly attracted to a magnetic field

• Not affected by a magnetic field

• Strongly attracted to a magnetic field

What is the electron configuration of iron up to the 3d sublevel?

• 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d4

• 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d6

• 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10

• 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4 3d6

How many unpaired electrons are present in iron?

• 5

• 2

• 4

• 3

What is the term for substances like iron that are strongly attracted to a magnetic field?

• Ferromagnetic

• Diamagnetic

• Antiferromagnetic

• Paramagnetic

Which of the following elements is known to be ferromagnetic?

• Copper

• Oxygen

• Helium

• Iron