Economics Test

Orthi and Fatima are discussing their monthly expenses. They notice that the amount they spend on groceries varies each month. What is this changing amount called in economics?

• A constant number used in equations.

• A quantity that changes over time.

• A quantity that can take on more than one value.

• A fixed value used to model economic behaviour.

Amina and Fatima are discussing how to plot an economic graph. Which variable should they typically place on the horizontal axis?

• Dependent variable

• Constant variable

• Independent variable

• Slope

During a class project, Orthi and Amina are analyzing a graph that shows the relationship between the number of hours studied and the test scores achieved. What does the vertical axis (y-axis) measure in this graph?

• Independent variables

• Dependent variables

• Constant values

• Time

Orthi and Amina are plotting a graph to track their savings over time. What does the origin represent in their graph?

• The maximum value of the y-axis

• The point where x and y are both zero

• The slope of the line

• The point where variables are unrelated

Fatima noticed that whenever she studied for an extra hour, her test scores improved. This suggests a causal relationship because:

• Two variables move together.

• The value of one variable influences the other.

• There is a correlation between variables.

• Variables are unrelated.

Vivi and Ashy are studying economics and come across a graph. Which of the following is an exception to the convention of placing the independent variable on the x-axis?

• Quantity of goods and time

• Price and quantity of goods

• Population and GDP per capita

• Temperature and sales of hot drinks

Amina and Vivi are studying the relationship between the number of hours they study and their test scores. A positive relationship between these variables is shown when:

• The curve slopes downward from left to right

• The curve is horizontal

• An increase in one variable leads to an increase in another

• There is no change in either variable

Orthi and Fatima are studying the relationship between the amount of time spent studying and the number of errors made on a test. What is indicated by a negative linear relationship in their study?

• Variables are unrelated

• Both variables increase simultaneously

• One variable increases while the other decreases

• The curve is a straight line through the origin

Noor and Amina are measuring the steepness of a hill for their geography project. They need to calculate the slope of the hill. Which formula should they use?

• slope=ΔxΔy

• slope=Δy+Δx

• slope=Δy/Δx

• slope=x×y

During a math class, Noor and Fatima were discussing the graph of a function. They noticed that the graph had a horizontal curve. What does this indicate?

• A slope equal to zero

• An infinite slope

• A positive relationship

• A negative relationship