Database Environment

Which of the following describes the purpose of the Three-Level ANSI-SPARC Architecture?

• To divide a database into manageable parts

• To establish a framework that separates different database views

• To provide backup and recovery mechanisms

• To standardize data formats across all DBMS systems

The external level in the ANSI-SPARC Architecture is primarily concerned with:

• Physical storage of data

• The user’s view of the data

• Security protocols for data access

• Optimizing data retrieval speed

The conceptual level of the ANSI-SPARC Architecture:

• Defines the entire structure of the database

• Is unique to each individual user

• Focuses solely on data storage

• Maps user applications to database structures

Which level of the ANSI-SPARC Architecture is responsible for data storage and access paths?

• External Level

• Conceptual Level

• Internal Level

• None of the above

Schemas are best described as:

• A set of user permissions

• A complete description of database structure and constraints

• Temporary data structures in memory

• Copies of data used for backup

The mappings in the ANSI-SPARC Architecture:

• Provide links between the levels of the architecture

• Are used to enforce data security

• Define user permissions at each level

• Apply only to the internal level

Data independence refers to the ability to:

• Perform backups without stopping operations

• Change one schema without affecting others

• Store data without a defined schema

• Access data regardless of the database structure

Which of the following types of data independence allows changes at the physical storage level without impacting the conceptual level?

• Physical Data Independence

• Logical Data Independence

• Conceptual Data Independence

• External Data Independence

Which database language is used to define database structures and constraints?

• Data Definition Language (DDL)

• Data Manipulation Language (DML)

• Query Language

• Procedural Language

Data Manipulation Language (DML) is primarily used for:

• Defining data structure

• Querying and updating data

• Establishing relationships among databases

• Creating backup copies of data