Computer Science Quiz for Students

Identify the component that stores the least amount of data.

• RAM

• Hard drive

• Register

• DVD

Answer explanation

Registers are small storage locations within the CPU that hold data temporarily, making them the smallest data storage component compared to RAM, hard drives, and DVDs, which store significantly larger amounts of data.

Identify the component that is responsible for processing data.

• RAM

• Data Bus

• Register

• CPU

Answer explanation

The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the primary component responsible for processing data in a computer. It executes instructions and performs calculations, making it the correct choice among the options provided.

State two types of operation carried out by the ALU.

• Logical and arithmetic operations

• Data storage and retrieval

• Input and output operations

• Networking and communication

Answer explanation

The ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) performs logical operations (like AND, OR) and arithmetic operations (like addition, subtraction). These are fundamental functions that enable processing and computation in a computer.

Describe the steps involved in the Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle.

• Fetch, Decode, Execute

• Input, Process, Output

• Load, Process, Store

• Start, Run, Stop

Answer explanation

The Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle consists of three main steps: Fetching the instruction from memory, Decoding it to understand what action is required, and Executing the instruction to perform the operation. Thus, the correct answer is 'Fetch, Decode, Execute'.

In the Von Neumann architecture, RAM is used to store data such as a file that has been opened. Identify one other type of data that is stored in RAM.

• Operating system

• CPU instructions

• User preferences

• Temporary data

Answer explanation

Temporary data is stored in RAM for quick access during processing, such as data from running applications or calculations. This makes it a key type of data alongside files and other system information.

Explain how the clock speed of a CPU can affect performance.

• Higher clock speed increases the number of instructions processed per second

• Lower clock speed reduces power consumption

• Higher clock speed decreases the number of instructions processed per second

• Lower clock speed increases the number of instructions processed per second

Answer explanation

Higher clock speed allows a CPU to execute more instructions per second, directly enhancing performance. This means tasks can be completed faster, making the system more efficient.

(a) Define what is meant by an embedded system.

• A system that is part of a larger device and performs dedicated functions

• A standalone computer system

• A system that can be easily upgraded

• A system that is used for general-purpose computing

Answer explanation

An embedded system is specifically designed to perform dedicated functions within a larger device, distinguishing it from standalone or general-purpose systems. Thus, the correct choice is that it is part of a larger device.

(b) Give an example of devices which use embedded systems. 1.

• Washing machine

• Desktop computer

• Laptop

• Mainframe computer

Answer explanation

A washing machine is an example of a device that uses an embedded system, as it has a dedicated computer system designed to control its specific functions. In contrast, desktop, laptop, and mainframe computers are general-purpose systems.

(a) Explain why computers need secondary storage.

• To store data permanently

• To increase processing speed

• To improve graphics performance

• To enhance network connectivity

Answer explanation

Computers need secondary storage to store data permanently, as it retains information even when the power is off. This is essential for saving files, applications, and system data, unlike primary storage which is volatile.

One type of secondary storage device is a hard drive. Name one other secondary storage device.

• USB flash drive

• RAM

• CPU

• Motherboard

Answer explanation

A USB flash drive is a type of secondary storage device, just like a hard drive. In contrast, RAM and CPU are primary storage and processing components, while the motherboard is a main circuit board, not a storage device.