BIOMOLECULES (review of Amoeba Sisters guided notes)

Match the biomolecule with its structure

• Protein

• 
• Nucleic acid

• 
• Lipid

• 
• Carbohydrate

• 

Tags

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Monomers are the ​ (a)   , or small molecules & atoms, that bond together to form more complex structures such as polymers.

The monomer of carbohydrates is the ​ (b)   .

Most ​ (c)   are built of glycerol & fatty acids.

Proteins consist of many ​ (d)   bonded together.

The building block of a nucleic acid is called a ​ (e)   .

• building blocks
• monosaccharide
• lipids
• amino acids
• nucleotide

​ (a)   are large molecules made up of many repeating smaller molecules called monomers.

When many monosaccharides are joined together, it forms a​ ​​ (b)   .

Most lipids are built of ​ (c)   .

​ (d)   are made up of long chains of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds, forming what is called a polypeptide chain.

​ (e)   , such as DNA and RNA, are composed of long chains of repeating nucleotide units, each containing a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base.

• Polymers
• polysaccharide
• glycerol & fatty acids
• Proteins
• Nucleic acids

Why are carbohydrates important to living things?

[check all that apply]

• Plants have cell walls of carbohydrates (cellulose) that provide structural support and protection.

• Fungi have cell walls of carbohydrates (chitin) that provide structural support and protection.

• The carbohydrate glucose is used to make ATP in cellular respiration, a fast source of energy.

• Starch is a complex carbohydrate, or polysaccharide, that provides stored energy.

• Glycogen is a complex carbohydrate molecule that serves as the primary energy storage form of glucose (sugar) in animal cells.

Tags

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What are the functions of lipids, that are important to living things?

[check all that apply]

• Lipids make up the phospholipid bi-layer of the cell membrane.

• Lipids are a source of long-term energy storage that regulate temperature to conserve heat.

• Many lipids act as hormones and are part of the nervous system.

• Lipids are a form of starch that provides stored energy to plants.

• Lipids contain genetic information and are found in the DNA of organisms.

What are the functions of proteins, that are important to living things?

[check all that apply]

• Proteins are embedded in cell membranes as protein channels that help selectively transport of molecules

• Proteins make up collagen and helps build & repair muscle tissue, bones and hair.

• Enzymes are proteins that function as biological catalysts to speed up chemical reactions within the body.

• • Antibodies, essential components of the immune system, are made up of proteins. They help fight infections and protect the body from diseases. 

• Proteins contain genetic information and are found in the DNA of organisms.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Why are nucleic acids important to living things?

[check all that apply]

• All life such as plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, contain nucleic acids

• Nucleic acids make up collagen and helps build & repair muscle tissue, bones and hair.

• Enzymes contain nucleic acids that function as biological catalysts to speed up chemical reactions within the body.

• All cells contain genetic information in the form of nucleic acids (DNA & RNA) needed for the coding of traits.

Tags

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Categorize the examples of biomolecules

Groups:

(a) Carbohydrates

,

(b) Lipids

,

(c) Proteins

,

(d) Nucleic acids

• meat

• eggs

• DNA

• pasta

• beans

• fats

• oils

• vegetables

• RNA

• bread

• fruits

• butter

• nuts

Match the biomolecule with its elements -

• Carbohydrates

• Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen

• Lipids

• Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen

• Proteins

• Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio.

• Nucleic acids

• Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Use your 'Burger' notes to complete the following:

DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS is chemical reaction where two smaller molecules ​ (a)   a larger molecule by ​ (b)   a water molecule. This causes the monomers to bond together.

HYDROLYSIS is a chemical reaction where a water molecule is ​ (c)   to ​ (d)   a larger molecule into smaller components. This causes the polymer to separate.

• break down
• added
• make
• removing