Science and Innovation in the Golden Age

What were some key achievements of Muslim scientists during the Golden Age of Islamic Civilization?

• Innovations in engineering, agriculture, and medicine

• Invention of steam engines and railways

• Development of electric circuits and batteries

• Discovery of fossil fuels

Which knowledge was adopted by Muslim scientists from the Chinese?

• Techniques for building aqueducts

• Herbal medicine practices

• Advanced farming machinery

• Compass navigation

What is the system of mathematics called that was developed during the Golden Age of Islam?

• Calculus

• Trigonometry

• Algebra

• Geometry

What numerical concept was introduced during this era?

• Fractions

• Negative numbers

• The concept of '0' as a digit

• Decimal points

How did Muslim astronomers improve upon Greek knowledge?

• By creating detailed maps of stars

• By calculating the passing of time and predicting moon phases

• By inventing telescopes for better observations

• By dividing the year into equal months

Why were books on irrigation and gardening techniques significant?

• They were used for decoration in Islamic libraries

• They were translated into Spanish and French in the 19th century CE

• They introduced new types of flowers for export

• They provided guidance on building water reservoirs

What was a notable characteristic of Islamic society during the Golden Age?

• A focus on creating massive empires

• A high level of eloquence in spoken and written Arabic

• Emphasis on military conquests

• Avoidance of contact with other cultures

What technology did Muslims adopt from China that spread along the Silk Road?

• Clock-making technology

• Paper-making technology

• Water-powered mills

• Magnetic compasses

How did the translation of scientific and philosophical works into Arabic benefit Islamic civilization?

• It preserved and spread ideas and knowledge across cultures

• It created a new form of literature unique to Islam

• It replaced all original languages with Arabic

• It focused only on military strategies

How did the work of Muslim scholars influence the European Renaissance?

• They created detailed blueprints for European inventions.

• Their translated works were rediscovered and further developed by Europeans.

• They provided military technology to European armies.

• They funded European voyages of exploration.