South America

Jackson and Nora are studying a graph about the transatlantic slave trade. Based on the graph, what was the destination of more than half of the Africans transported to the New World by Europeans?

• The Spanish Empire and the British West Indies

• British North America and Brazil

• Brazil and the Spanish Empire

• The French West Indies and Brazil

Benjamin and Arjun were discussing how the American and French Revolutions influenced South Americans. What was one significant impact?

• Many South Americans moved to the United States and France to find freedom.

• South Americans were encouraged to fight for their own independence.

• South Americans hired U.S. mercenaries to fight against the Spanish.

• South Americans decided that wars for independence were too risky.

David is studying the geography of South America and learns that the Paraná, Paraguay, and Uruguay Rivers form the second-largest river system on the continent. He wonders why this system is especially important to Paraguay.

• Paraguay is landlocked, so the rivers form an important transportation route.

• The river system is the only source of drinking water for the country.

• The people of Paraguay rely on fish for much of their diet.

• The river system provides access to the Pacific Ocean.

During a history class, Michael learned about the negative effects of cultural diffusion in Latin America during the age of European exploration. One of these effects included —

• an expansion of the slave trade

• an increased number of dangerous storms

• the introduction of cattle ranching

• the destruction of the tropical rainforests

Ava and Liam are discussing why many people from South America migrate to the north in hopes of crossing into the United States. Which of the following is a likely factor for this population shift?

• Seeking political safety from dictators or oppressive governments in some countries

• Finding more modern living conditions

• Obtaining better pay to support families back in South America

• All of the above

During a school trip to the Andes, at what elevation do students like Anika and Daniel start to feel the effects of altitude on their breathing?

• 1,000 ft. no effects felt

• 10,000 ft.

• 20,000 ft. Less than half oxygen left

• 29,527 ft. Highest level humans can survive without oxygen tank.

Michael and Aiden are studying the main goals of the Spaniards during their expeditions. Which statements describe these goals? Choose all that apply.

• They came seeking the rich coffees of the area.

• They came to quickly conquer the Native Americans.

• They wanted gold but found none at first.

• They wanted to convert the Native Americans to Christianity.

During a history class, Samuel and Lily were discussing the spread of religious traditions in South America. Which of the following best explains the cultural pattern shown in the diagram?

• African slaves brought new religious traditions to South America.

• Spanish colonization of South America spread new religious traditions.

• Incan leaders encouraged people in South America to convert to new religions.

• Colonial immigrants adopted the beliefs of indigenous people living in South America.

During a history class, Benjamin learned that enslaved Africans brought to South America contributed to the spread of many new popular forms of —

• architecture

• advanced weaponry

• dance, foods, and music

• sculpture, painting, and art

During a history class, Aiden learned about the effects of European exploration on different countries. Which best describes an effect of European exploration on the nation of Brazil?

• Portuguese is the official language.

• Many Native American languages are spoken.

• It imports large amounts of electronics from China.

• It exports large amounts of iron ore to the United States.