4th Grade Science Benchmark 1 Review

Which toy car has more energy when it reaches the bottom of the ramp?

• Car 1 that started at the top of the ramp

• Car 2 that started halfway down the ramp

• Both cars have the same amount of energy

• Neither car has any energy

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What evidence statement would best support the claim that one car had more energy than the other?

• The cars were identical so their energy would be the same.

• The car with the greatest speed would have more energy.

• The slower car would have more energy because it is lighter.

• The experimental set up doesn’t allow for energy to be determined.

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During a different science experiment, a student notices that a car traveling at a higher speed causes a more significant impact on a block it crashes into. What evidence from this observation supports the relationship between speed and energy?

• The car’s energy decreases as it speeds up, causing a stronger impact.

• The faster the car travels, the less energy it has, reducing the impact.

• The car’s greater speed results in more energy, which leads to a stronger impact.

• The car’s speed does not influence the energy transferred during the impact.

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Which of the following BEST explains how energy is transferred in this experiment?

• Energy is transferred from the spoon to the water through sound waves.

• Energy is transferred from the water to the spoon through heat energy moving.

• Energy is transferred from the water to the spoon by electric currents.

• Energy is transferred from the air to the spoon through light.

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What does this observation suggest about how energy is transferred?

• Electric energy from the flashlight is transferred to the fan as mechanical energy.

• Light energy from the flashlight is absorbed by the solar panel and converted into electrical energy.

• Heat energy from the flashlight is transferred to the solar panel to create electricity.

• Sound energy from the flashlight is converted into electrical energy by the solar panel.

Which modification would MOST LIKELY improve the turbine’s energy conversion?

• Increase the number of blades on the turbine to capture more wind energy.

• Reduce the size of the blades to decrease air resistance.

• Move the turbine to a location with less wind to prevent damage.

• Shorten the height of the turbine to make it easier to access.

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Which of the following changes would MOST LIKELY improve the efficiency of the oven?

• Increase the size of the oven to allow more sunlight to enter.

• Paint the interior of the oven black to better absorb and retain heat.

• Add more reflective materials inside the oven to reduce heat loss.

• Use clear plastic for the oven’s cover to trap light energy.

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Which of the following would be the BEST modification to improve the device's performance?

• Replace the battery with one that has a higher voltage to increase the electrical energy available.

• Decrease the number of wires in the circuit to reduce energy loss.

• Replace the fan with a larger one to increase the motion energy.

• Use thicker wires to decrease the resistance and slow down the fan.

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Students are studying the effects of renewable and non-renewable energy sources on the environment. Which of the following provides the BEST comparison between the environmental impacts of solar energy and coal energy?

• Solar energy produces more greenhouse gases than coal energy, leading to more air pollution.

• Coal energy is cleaner than solar energy because it requires less land use.

• Solar energy has minimal environmental impacts compared to coal, which contributes to air and water pollution.

• Both solar and coal energy have equal environmental impacts due to their energy production processes.

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A group of students is researching the use of wind turbines as a source of energy. They find that wind energy is renewable, but it can have some negative effects on local wildlife. Which of the following BEST describes one of these environmental impacts?

• Wind turbines can cause significant air pollution during energy production.

• The construction of wind turbines leads to the contamination of nearby water sources.

• Wind turbines can pose a threat to birds and bats, which may be injured or killed by the blades.

• Wind energy production depletes the local water supply, leading to habitat loss.

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