Chem - Chapter 6

What scientists was the first to begin organizing the elements? How did he organize them?

• Isaac Newton - metals and nonmetals

• Lavoisier - metals and nonmetals

• Lavoisier - halogens and metals

• Albert Einstein - metalloids and nonmetals

How did Dobereiner organize the approximately 50-60 known elements in his time?

• Dobereiner grouped elements by their discovery dates.
• Dobereiner organized elements into triads based on similar properties and atomic weights.
• Dobereiner classified elements according to their uses in industry.
• Dobereiner arranged elements in pairs based on their colors.

How did Mendeleev originally organize the periodic table?

• By atomic number and arranging in alphabetical order.
• By random selection without any specific criteria.
• By increasing atomic mass and grouping by chemical properties.
• By decreasing atomic mass and grouping by color.

How is the periodic table organized today?

• The periodic table is organized by increasing atomic number and grouped by similar chemical properties.
• The periodic table is organized by color and size.
• The periodic table is arranged randomly without any specific order.
• The periodic table is organized by the year of discovery of each element.

Identify each element as a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid:

Silicon

Chlorine

Mercury

Magnesium

Aluminum

Nitrogen

• Silicon: nonmetal, Chlorine: nonmetal, Mercury: metal, Magnesium: metal, Aluminum: metal, Nitrogen: nonmetal

• Silicon: metalloid, Chlorine: nonmetal, Mercury: metal, Magnesium: metal, Aluminum: metal, Nitrogen: nonmetal

• Silicon: metalloid, Chlorine: nonmetal, Mercury: metal, Magnesium: metal, Aluminum: metalloid, Nitrogen: nonmetal

• Silicon: metalloid, Chlorine: nonmetal, Mercury: metal, Magnesium: metal, Aluminum: nonmetal, Nitrogen: nonmetal

Identify each element as a solid, liquid, or gas:

Mercury

Sulfur

Nitrogen

Krypton

Carbon

• Mercury: solid,

  Sulfur: solid,

  Nitrogen: gas,

  Krypton: gas,

  Carbon: solid

• Mercury: liquid,

  Sulfur: solid,

  Nitrogen: gas,

  Krypton: gas,

  Carbon: solid

• Mercury: liquid,

  Sulfur: liquid,

  Nitrogen: gas,

  Krypton: gas,

  Carbon: solid

• Mercury: liquid,

  Sulfur: solid,

  Nitrogen: gas,

  Krypton: solid,

  Carbon: solid

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

What are the properties of metals and non-metals?

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Answer explanation

Metals

- Solid at room temperature except Mercury (Hg)

- Luster (shiny)

- Malleable & ductile

- Good conductors of heat & electrical current

Nonmetals

- Poor conductors of heat & electrical current

- Most are gases at romm temperature

- Few are solids & bromine is a liquid

- Dull & brittle

Know the metalloid that was talked about in the notes with its main use.

• Silicon - It is used in computer chips

• Boron - It is used in computer chips

• Arsenic - It is used in computer chips

• Germanium - It is used in computer chips

Define Malleable

• Ability to be flattened into thin sheets

• A term used for rigid materials
• Incapable of being shaped or molded
• Only applicable to liquids

Define Ductile

• Ductile describes materials that are only used in electrical applications.
• Ductile refers to materials that are brittle and break easily.
• Ability of a metal to be stretched into a wire

• Ductile is a term used for materials that cannot be shaped or molded.