Grade 9 Biology: Transport Mechanisms

Which of the following statements best explains the difference between diffusion and osmosis?

• Diffusion only occurs in gases, whereas osmosis only occurs in solids.

• Diffusion moves particles down a concentration gradient, while osmosis involves the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane.

• Diffusion requires energy, while osmosis does not.

• Osmosis moves solutes against a concentration gradient, while diffusion does not.

A cell is placed in a solution, and it shrinks in size. Which of the following is most likely the explanation?

• The solution has a higher water concentration than the cell's cytoplasm.

• Active transport has caused water to leave the cell.

• The solution is hypertonic to the cell, causing water to move out via osmosis.

• Diffusion of solutes into the cell caused water to leave.

Which of the following scenarios illustrates active transport?

• Movement of oxygen into red blood cells.

• Uptake of glucose in the small intestine using protein pumps.

• Movement of urea out of cells via diffusion.

• Absorption of water by root hair cells in plants.

Diffusion is faster at higher temperatures because particles have more kinetic energy.

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Osmosis can occur in both directions across a membrane, depending on the concentration gradient of water.

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Active transport does not require a semi-permeable membrane.

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If a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, it becomes plasmolyzed.

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In active transport, particles move from an area of low concentration to high concentration, requiring ATP.

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Osmosis can occur even when the solute concentration on both sides of a membrane is equal if the membrane is impermeable to solutes.

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Diffusion can occur against a concentration gradient if the particles are very small.

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