Creating Structure in Nonfiction: Mastery Test

What are the three main types of rocks?

• Igneous, Volcanic, Sedimentary

• Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic

• Igneous, Metamorphic, Volcanic

• Sedimentary, Metamorphic, Volcanic

What is the process called when rocks are changed by heat and pressure?

• Metamorphism

• Sedimentation

• Crystallization

• Erosion

Which tool is used to break off fresh rock specimens?

• Sledgehammer

• Chisel

• Pocket knife

• Geologist's hammer

What is the most prolific publisher of geologic maps in the United States?

• Smithsonian Institution

• U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)

• American Geosciences Institute

• National Geographic

What should you do before collecting rocks on private property?

• Leave a note

• Call the police

• Ask for permission

• Collect without asking

Which question would most likely indicate that a passage has a problem-and-solution text structure?

• How are the elements different from each other?

• What details are used to describe the topic?

• Do the steps described need to be completed in a particular sequence?

• What have people done to try to resolve the issue?

Annie is reading an essay about how using bicycles for transportation can help reduce the level of pollution. Which text structure can this question help to identify?

How do bicycles influence the level of pollution?

• cause and effect

• compare and contrast

• chronological order

• description

Which text feature can help organize information by stating the main ideas of the paragraphs?

• photographs

• diagrams

• subheadings

• captions

What text structure has the writer used in this passage?

• chronological order

• cause and effect

• compare and contrast

• problem and solution

Which word or phrase signals a cause-and-effect text structure?

• as a result

• not long after

• for instance

• similarly