How did Constantinople's geography benefit the Byzantine Empire?

• It had rich farmland
• It was easy to defend and a crossroads for trade
• It had abundant natural resources
• It was isolated from other regions

What cultural traditions did the Byzantines preserve from the Roman Empire?

• Norse mythology
• Feudalism
• Greco-Roman culture
• Islamic teachings

What was the most famous architectural work of the Byzantine Empire?

• The Colosseum
• Hagia Sophia
• The Pantheon
• St. Peter's Basilica

What was the "Justinian Code"?

• A religious text
• A collection of Roman laws consolidated by Justinian
• A system of military strategies
• A manual on architecture

Who was Empress Theodora?

• Justinian’s wife and a powerful advisor
• A Byzantine general
• The ruler of Constantinople
• A religious leader

What was the main religious conflict in the Byzantine Empire regarding icons?

• Whether priests could marry
• Whether icons were a form of idol worship
• Whether the Pope should have authority over emperors
• Whether Christianity should be the state religion

What was the Great Schism of 1054?

• The fall of the city of Constantinople
• A split in the Christian Church into Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox
• The banning of icons by Byzantine emperors
• The end of the Crusades

How did the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches differ in terms of leadership?

• The Roman Catholic Church had no leader
• The Eastern Orthodox Church followed the Pope
• The Roman Catholic Church was led by the Pope, and the Eastern Orthodox Church by the Byzantian emperor.
• Both were led by the Byzantine Emperor

What caused conflict between Pope Gregory VII and Emperor Leo III?

• Disputes over taxation
• The banning of icons
• Military campaigns in Europe
• Differences in religious texts

What name is commonly given to the period in Europe from 500 to 1300 CE?

• The Renaissance
• The Industrial Age
• The Middle Ages
• The Enlightenment