Which type of movement across a cell’s plasma membrane requires energy supplied by ATP?

• Passive transport

• Active transport

• Simple diffusion

• Osmosis

A prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell are shown.

Which characteristic best distinguishes these cells as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

• The organization of the genetic material

• The role of the cell membrane

• The location of the cytoplasm

• The function of the flagella

Students designed an experiment to model the carbon cycle. The students combined water and carbon dioxide-producing disks in a sealed flask. The flask represented Earth’s atmosphere, and the lamp represented the sun. Their design is shown.

Which component can be added to the flask to reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in the model atmosphere created by the disks?

• Bacteria to use carbon during nitrification

• Snails to use carbon through cellular respiration

• Plants to absorb carbon in the process of photosynthesis

• Mushrooms to absorb carbon during decomposition

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The graph shows the oxygen consumed by an athlete during different stages of training.

Based on the graph, which process is occurring between minute 5 and minute 10?

• Nuclei are building amino acids for energy storage.

• Chloroplasts are using energy to produce oxygen.

• Ribosomes are building carbohydrates to increase energy output.

• Mitochondria are using oxygen to produce ATP.

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A model of an enzyme and its corresponding substrate is shown.

Which model best represents the molecules at the end of the reaction?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Which statements best compare the function of proteins and lipids in a human cell?

• Proteins provide energy for cellular processes.

  Lipids catalyze chemical reactions inside the cell.

• Proteins allow for the transport of certain molecules into and out of the cell.

  Lipids store genetic information for cells.

• Proteins catalyze chemical reactions inside the cell.

  Lipids allow for the transport of certain molecules into and out of the cell.

• Proteins store genetic information for cells.

  Lipids provide energy for cellular processes.

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A model of two structures that perform cellular processes is shown.

What are the products of the cellular processes in these organelles?

• I: glucose + carbon dioxide

  II: oxygen + water

• I: oxygen + glucose

  II: water + carbon dioxide

• I: carbon dioxide + oxygen

  II: glucose + water

• I: carbon dioxide + water

  II: glucose + oxygen

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Which group of biomolecules provide quick energy to organisms?

• proteins

• lipids

• carbohydrates

• nucleic acids

The organelle that allows things in and out of the cell.  Also protects the cell.

• nucleus

• cell membrane

• ribosomes

• endoplasmic reticulum

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The cellular process known as the sodium-potassium pump was discovered in the 1950s by Jens Christian Skou, a Danish scientist. This process is a form of active transport that moves three sodium ions to the outside of a cell for every two potassium ions that it moves into the cell. Which of these best explains why energy is needed for active transport?

• Ions are negatively charged.

• Ions are trapped inside the plasma membrane.

• Ions are attached to large proteins.

• Ions are moved against the concentration gradient.