Do now task

What is the significance of the frequency of impulse transmission in mammals?

• It determines the speed of nerve signal transmission.

• It affects the intensity of the response in target tissues.

• It regulates the duration of the action potential.

• It influences the type of neurotransmitter released.

What is one of the factors that contribute to establishing and maintaining the resting potential?

• Passive transport of ions

• Active transport of sodium ions and potassium ions

• Equal membrane permeability

• No ion transport

Fill in the blank: The inside of the axon is _______ charged in comparison with the outside. The difference is about -70mV.

• negatively

• positively

• neutrally

• equally

Which channels are mostly open during a resting potential?

• Sodium channels

• Potassium channels

• Calcium channels

• Chloride channels

Depolarisation triggers more channels to open, allowing more sodium ions to enter and causing more depolarisation. This is an example of what type of feedback?

• Positive feedback

• Negative feedback

• Neutral feedback

• No feedback

The action potential that is generated will reach a potential of around ______.

• +30mV

• -70mV

• 0mV

• +50mV

What happens to the sodium ion voltage-gated channel proteins when the potential difference reaches +30mV?

• They open

• They close

• They remain unchanged

• They become more permeable

During an action potential, which ion's influx is primarily responsible for the depolarization phase?

• Potassium ions

• Calcium ions

• Chloride ions

• Sodium ions

What is the role of the sodium-potassium pump in maintaining the resting potential?

• It allows passive diffusion of ions.

• It actively transports sodium ions out and potassium ions into the cell.

• It blocks all ion movement across the membrane.

• It equalizes the concentration of ions inside and outside the cell.

Which phase of the action potential is characterized by the opening of potassium channels and the closing of sodium channels?

• Depolarization

• Resting potential

• Repolarization

• Hyperpolarization