Practice Questions Climate and Weather

What is the main difference between weather and climate?

• Weather changes over many years, while climate changes daily.

• Weather involves short-term changes, while climate involves long-term patterns.

• Weather is predictable, but climate is not.

• Weather refers to temperature only, while climate includes precipitation.

What does climate include in addition to patterns of temperature and precipitation?

• Changes in soil composition

• The frequency of extreme weather events

• The size of animal populations

• The types of plants in a region

How do weather and climate affect ecosystems?

• They determine which species of plants grow.

• They do not have any significant effect on ecosystems.

• They shape natural populations, communities, and ecosystems.

• They only affect animal migration.

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What powers the global climate system?

• Winds and ocean currents

• Solar energy retained as heat in the biosphere

• Changes in Earth’s orbit

• Volcanic activity

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Which gases are considered greenhouse gases?

• Oxygen, nitrogen, and argon

• Carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor

• Helium, hydrogen, and neon

• Sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and ozone

What is the greenhouse effect?

• The reflection of sunlight off the surface of the Earth

• The trapping of heat by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

• The movement of warm water from the equator to the poles

• The cooling of Earth's surface by wind patterns

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Why is there more heat near the equator than at the poles?

• The equator is closer to the Sun.

• The Sun’s rays hit the equator directly and spread less.

• Greenhouse gases are concentrated near the equator.

• Winds carry warm air from the poles to the equator.

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Which climate zone is found near the equator?

• Polar

• Temperate

• Tropical

• Arctic

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What creates global winds?

• Changes in solar energy

• Warm air rising and cool air sinking

• The shape of Earth’s continents

• Volcanic activity

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What causes winds to blow in different directions across Earth?

• Earth’s rotation

• The amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

• The tilt of Earth’s axis

• The density of ocean water

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