DNA Structure and Replication

Front

What is DNA?

Back

DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid, which is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is a double helix structure composed of two strands of nucleotides twisted around each other.

Front

What are the four bases of DNA?

Back

The four bases of DNA are Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What is the base pairing rule in DNA?

Back

In DNA, Adenine pairs with Thymine (A-T) and Cytosine pairs with Guanine (C-G).

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a DNA molecule makes a copy of itself, resulting in two identical DNA molecules.

Front

What is the role of DNA polymerase?

Back

DNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to a growing chain during DNA replication.

Front

What is a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is the basic building block of DNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

How does DNA replication ensure accuracy?

Back

DNA replication ensures accuracy through proofreading mechanisms by DNA polymerase, which checks for errors and corrects them.

Front

What is the significance of complementary base pairing?

Back

Complementary base pairing ensures that the genetic information is accurately copied and transmitted during DNA replication.

Front

What is the difference between leading and lagging strands in DNA replication?

Back

The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the direction of the replication fork, while the lagging strand is synthesized in short segments (Okazaki fragments) away from the fork.