OpenSciEd 7.2- 8th Grade

How will carrying ice-packs, which create a cold substance to apply to her legs,  help the runner? Include details on the direction of heat transfer in your response.

• The reaction caused inside the cold pack will cause the water temperature to decrease.  Energy will be transferred away from the water and applying this colder temperature to a runner's legs can help reduce swelling.  

• The reaction caused inside the cold pack will cause the water temperature to increase.

• Applying cold temperatures to the runners legs will not help.

• All of the above.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

1. After a suggestion from a science teacher, the runner observes that mixing different amounts of ammonium nitrate with water causes differences in the cold pack.  By varying the amount of ammonium nitrate in the cold pack, what constraint is the runner likely changing about the cold pack’s functionality?

• The price of the icepack

• How cold it gets

• How big the ice pack is

• None of the above

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

1. To decide how much ammonium nitrate is best, the runner and the science teacher create several alternative cold packs, each with varying quantities of ammonium nitrate. They then break each cold pack and drop it in equal amounts of water to measure the temperature after 15 minutes, and record any additional observations about each cold pack.

If ammonium nitrate is expensive, which design should the runner take with her during her race? Support with details.

• 40

• 45

• 50

• 55

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A student travels to the beach with their family. In the morning, the family packs the food and drinks they will have all day in a cooler and brings it to the beach. At lunchtime, the student reaches for a bottle of water from the cooler and realizes that the water has already become warm. The family packed ice in the cooler to help keep everything cool, but all the ice had melted quickly. 

1. If the family were to design a solution, what problem would the device aim to solve? Support your answer with details about the flow of energy between the device and its surroundings.

• They want the ice pack to explode

• The device will need to speed up the transfer of heat from the surrounding to food and drinks.  The device will absorb heat from the surroundings keeping the food and drinks cold.

• The device will need to slow the transfer of heat from the surrounding to food and drinks.  The device will absorb heat from the surroundings keeping the food and drinks cold.

• The device will need to remain the same for the transfer of heat from the surrounding to food and drinks.  The device will release heat from the surroundings keeping the food and drinks cold.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

1. To help solve this problem the family designs a device that will create and stay cold for an extended period of time and can be used in a cooler with food and drinks. The family designs two different ice packs. Both ice packs are two plastic bags, one sealed inside of the other, but the chemicals in each ice pack differ. Ice pack 1 has water and ammonium nitrate, and ice pack 2 has vinegar and baking soda. The family tests the ice packs by placing them inside identical coolers and recording the temperature changes over time, as shown.

• Ice Pack 1- water and ammonium nitrate

• Ice Pack 2- vinegar and baking soda

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-6

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

After opening the cooler after 180 minutes the family notices that ice pack 2 seems to have expanded and popped. How does this observation relate to the constraints of the experiment?

• The ice-pack popped because there was a hole in the ice pack.

• The ice-pack popped because it was not big enough to store all the chemicals.

• The ice-pack popped because when it came in contact with the food, the food was warm causing the icepack to pop.

• The ice-pack popped because of the build up of gas in the ice-pack, they need to have some type of ventilation.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1

Compare the ingredients for CUP D and CUP E. A student enjoys the chemical reaction in CUP E the best. Which ingredient do they change for CUP E compared to CUP D, likely creating the foaming part of the reaction for the first time and creating more heat?

• More chemical X

• Less Water

• Add liquid dish soap

• More Chemical Y

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

Compare the ingredients for CUP A and CUP B. Which ingredient and amount of that ingredient, increase the release of thermal energy in the form of heat for Cup B?

• 60mL more chemical Y for Cup B compared to Cup A

• 120mL more chemical Y for Cup B compared to Cup A

• 60mL more chemical X for Cup B compared to Cup A

• 30mL more chemical X for Cup B compared to Cup A

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

Compare the ingredients for CUP A and CUP C. Which impact does the design change of doubling the amount of chemical X and doubling the amount of chemical Y have on the release of thermal energy in the form of heat?

• The design change doubles the release of thermal energy in the form of heat

• The design change decreases the release of thermal energy in the form of heat

• The design change has no impact on the release of thermal energy in the form of heat

• The design change results in heat being absorbed instead of released.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

What is an exothermic reaction?

• releases energy and feels hot to the touch

• absorbs energy and feels cool to the touch

• releases energy and feels cool to the touch

• absorbs energy and feels hot to the touch

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5