4.PS3.1 - Speed and Energy - Review

How could the construction worker increase the damage done by the first swing of the wrecking ball?

• Swing the wrecking ball at the other side of the building.

• Swing the wrecking ball at the front of the building.

• Swing the wrecking ball faster.

• Swing the wrecking ball slower.

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When the wrecking ball hits the building, what happens to the speed and the energy of the wrecking ball?

• The wrecking ball slows down, and all of the wrecking ball’s energy transfers only to the building.

• The wrecking ball slows down, and the wrecking ball’s energy transfers to the building and the air.

• The wrecking ball’s speed stays the same, and all of the wrecking ball’s energy transfers only to the building.

• The wrecking ball’s speed stays the same, and the wrecking ball’s energy transfers to the building and the air.

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Which tool is used to measure mass?

• Thermometer

• Ruler

• Balance scale

• Beaker

Two cars (P and Q) travel on the same highway, as shown. Car P travels at a speed of 65 mph, and car Q travels at a speed of 60 mph. What conclusion can be drawn about the kinetic energy of the two cars?

• Car Q has less kinetic energy than car P because car Q is moving at a faster speed.

• Car P has more kinetic energy than car Q because car P is moving at a faster speed.

• Car Q has more kinetic energy than car P because car Q is moving at a slower speed.

• Cars P and Q have the same kinetic energy because they are moving at the same speed.

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A student kicks a soccer ball into a goal. The speed of the ball is reduced when it hits the net. What conclusion can be drawn about the kinetic energy of the ball upon hitting the net?

• The ball’s kinetic energy decreases because its speed increases.

• The ball’s kinetic energy increases because its speed decreases.

• The ball’s kinetic energy increases because its speed increases.

• The ball’s kinetic energy decreases because its speed decreases.

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The image shows a disc used in disc golf. A disc golfer throws the disc two separate times while playing a round of disc golf. The disc golfer observes that when thrown at the same angle, the disc drops to the ground more quickly on the second throw. Based on the disc golfer’s observation, which statement is true about the disc on the second throw?

• The disc has more kinetic energy after it lands.

• The disc has more kinetic energy when released.

• The disc has less kinetic energy after it lands.

• The disc has less kinetic energy when released.

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Two objects (D and T) with the same mass move away from each other at the same speed. What conclusion can be drawn about the kinetic energy of each object?

• Object D has more kinetic energy than object T.

• Objects D and T have equal kinetic energy.

• Object D has less kinetic energy than object T.

• Objects D and T have no kinetic energy.

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How can the kinetic energy of a moving object be decreased?

• Change the color of the object.

• Change the temperature of the object.

• Decrease the speed of the object.

• Increase the mass of the object.

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A student is pushing a toy car down a ramp. If the student places the toy car on the ramp again and increases the force used to push the toy car, what will happen?

• The kinetic energy will increase, and the toy car will go faster.

• The kinetic energy will decrease, and the toy car will go faster.

• The potential energy will increase, and the toy car will go slower.

• The potential energy will decrease, and the toy car will go slower.

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Use the information to answer the question. Examine the image of a roller coaster with points labeled W-Z. The roller coaster car starts at point W and moves fastest between points W and X. Which statement correctly describes the energy of the roller coaster car between points W and X?

• The roller coaster car has the most kinetic energy because it is moving fastest.

• The roller coaster car has the least kinetic energy because it is moving fastest.

• The roller coaster car has the most kinetic energy because it is high above the ground.

• The roller coaster car has the least kinetic energy because it is high above the ground.

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