Experimental Design

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What is experimental design?

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Experimental design is the process of planning an experiment to ensure that the results are valid and reliable. It involves selecting subjects, assigning them to groups, and determining how treatments will be applied.

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What is a sample size?

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Sample size refers to the number of subjects included in a study. A larger sample size can lead to more reliable results, while a smaller sample size may increase the risk of bias.

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CCSS.7.SP.A.1

CCSS.HSS.IC.A.1

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What is an observational study?

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An observational study is a type of research where the researcher observes subjects without manipulating any variables or applying treatments.

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What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?

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The control group serves as a baseline for comparison, allowing researchers to determine the effect of the treatment by comparing it to a group that does not receive the treatment.

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What does double blinding mean in an experiment?

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Double blinding is a method where neither the participants nor the researchers know who is receiving the treatment or the placebo, reducing bias in the results.

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What is random assignment?

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Random assignment is the process of randomly allocating subjects to different treatment groups to ensure that each group is similar in characteristics, minimizing confounding variables.

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What is confounding in experimental design?

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Confounding occurs when an outside variable influences both the independent and dependent variables, potentially skewing the results of the experiment.

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What is an explanatory variable?

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An explanatory variable, also known as an independent variable, is the variable that is manipulated or changed in an experiment to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

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CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

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What is a dependent variable?

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A dependent variable is the outcome or response that is measured in an experiment to assess the effect of the independent variable.

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What is the significance of random sampling?

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Random sampling ensures that every individual in a population has an equal chance of being selected, which helps to create a representative sample and reduces bias.

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CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3