Respiration and Gas Exchange Checkpoint

What is the main difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

• Aerobic respiration releases energy in the presence of oxygen, while anaerobic respiration releases energy without oxygen.

• Anaerobic respiration releases energy in the presence of oxygen, while aerobic respiration requires glucose.

• Both aerobic and anaerobic respiration release energy using only glucose.

• Aerobic respiration releases energy and produces lactic acid, while anaerobic respiration releases energy and produces carbon dioxide.

What role do the intercostal muscles play during inspiration?

• They contract, lifting the ribs up and out, increasing chest cavity volume.

• They help to remove carbon dioxide from the lungs.

• They relax, allowing the ribs to move down and in.

• They contract only when the diaphragm relaxes.

Which of the following statements about the alveoli is true?

• Alveoli are not supplied with blood; gas exchange occurs in the trachea.

• Alveoli have thick walls to prevent gas exchange.

• Alveoli have a large surface area to facilitate gas exchange.

• Alveoli only allow carbon dioxide to diffuse into the blood.

What happens to lactic acid after anaerobic respiration?

• It must be broken down using oxygen, creating an oxygen debt.

• It is expelled from the body through the lungs.

• It is immediately converted into glucose.

• It is stored in the muscles indefinitely.

During expiration, what happens to the diaphragm?

• It contracts and flattens to push air out of the lungs.

• It pushes against the ribs to force air out.

• It relaxes and domes upward, decreasing the chest cavity volume.

• It remains unchanged throughout the breathing process.

Why do germinating peas release heat during respiration?

• They absorb heat from the environment.

• They are using energy from sunlight.

• They release energy as heat through metabolic processes.

• They only release heat when boiled.

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

• To absorb nutrients from food.

• To produce lactic acid during anaerobic respiration.

• To obtain oxygen for aerobic respiration and remove carbon dioxide.

• To cool the body through evaporation.

What occurs when peas are boiled before respiration experiments?

• The peas continue to respire and release heat.

• The temperature remains constant as no heat is released.

• The peas produce more energy than unboiled peas.

• The respiratory enzymes are denatured, stopping respiration.

What is the result of aerobic respiration?

• Carbon dioxide and water are produced, with energy released as ATP.

• Energy is released, but no waste products are formed.

• Lactic acid and energy are produced.

• Only glucose is used, with no energy release.

Which factor is NOT an adaptation of the alveoli for gas exchange?

• Large surface area to increase gas exchange efficiency.

• Moist lining to facilitate gas exchange.

• Thick walls to slow down diffusion.

• Good blood supply to transport gases.