Unit 4: Carbon Cycle/Disturbances/Succession

What is primary succession?

• The process of ecological succession that occurs in an area that has never been colonized before.

• The process of ecological succession that occurs in an area with a low biodiversity.

• The process of ecological succession that occurs in an area with a high biodiversity.

• The process of ecological succession that occurs in an area that has been previously colonized.

What is secondary succession?

• The process of ecological succession that occurs in a marine ecosystem.

• The process of ecological succession that occurs in a primary forest.

• The process of ecological succession that occurs in a previously uninhabited area.

• The process of ecological succession that occurs in a previously inhabited but disturbed or destroyed area.

What are the primary factors that initiate primary succession?

• Deforestation

• Climate change

• Overpopulation

• Disturbances or absence of soil

What are the primary factors that initiate secondary succession?

• Climate change

• Human activities

• Natural disasters

• Disturbances

What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?

• Primary succession occurs in areas where an ecosystem has been disturbed or destroyed, while secondary succession occurs in areas where no ecosystem existed before.

• Primary succession occurs in areas where an ecosystem has been destroyed by human activity, while secondary succession occurs in areas where an ecosystem has been destroyed by natural disasters.

• Primary succession occurs in areas where an ecosystem has been disturbed by invasive species, while secondary succession occurs in areas where an ecosystem has been disturbed by climate change.

• Primary succession occurs in areas where no ecosystem existed before, while secondary succession occurs in areas where an ecosystem has been disturbed or destroyed.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Give an example of primary succession.

• Colonization of bare rock by lichens and mosses

• Establishment of a mature forest after a wildfire

• Formation of a coral reef

• Growth of grasses and shrubs in a forest understory

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Give an example of secondary succession.

• Urban area undergoing gentrification

• Ocean ecosystem recovering from an oil spill

• Forest destroyed by wildfire

• Grassland converted into farmland

What is the role of pioneer species in primary succession?

• Pioneer species hinder the process of primary succession.

• Pioneer species only appear in secondary succession.

• Pioneer species help initiate and facilitate the process of primary succession.

• Pioneer species have no role in primary succession.

What is the role of pioneer species in secondary succession?

• Pioneer species prepare the environment for other species by colonizing barren areas and creating suitable conditions for growth.

• Pioneer species hinder the growth of other species by competing for resources.

• Pioneer species have no role in secondary succession.

• Pioneer species only grow in areas that are already suitable for other species.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

What are the stages of primary succession?

• Shrubs and small trees establish, pioneer species colonize, mosses and lichens break down rocks, grasses and small plants grow.

• Grasses and small plants establish, larger trees and diverse ecosystem develop, pioneer species colonize, mosses and lichens break down rocks.

• Pioneer species colonize, mosses and lichens break down rocks, grasses and small plants grow, shrubs and small trees establish, larger trees and diverse ecosystem develop.

• Mosses and lichens establish, shrubs and small trees grow, pioneer species colonize, and a diverse ecosystem develops.