APES Unit 1 (9.3-9.6) review game

Elements that cycle in the environment and that also have a gaseous phase at some point in their cycle include which of the following?

I. Carbon

II. Phosphorus

III. Sulfur

• I and II only

• I and III only

• I, II, and III

• I only

• III only

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

Which of the following biomes is best characterized as an area that forms the narrow band along the coast that experiences a range of environmental conditions (including daily changes in sunlight, temperature, and water)?

• Open ocean

• Lakes

• Coral reefs

• Intertidal zones

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Scientists calculated the net primary productivity at two different forest sites. Both forests have the same gross primary productivity. Forest A has a net primary productivity of 1,650 kcal/m²/year, and forest B has a net primary productivity of 1,110 kcal/m²/year. Which of the following statements is best supported by the data?

• Forest A has a higher rate of decomposition by bacteria than forest B.

• Forest A has more biodiversity than forest B.

• Forest A producers have lower rates of cellular respiration than forest B producers.

• Forest A producers have more biomass than forest B producers.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Climate Driving New Right Whale Movement New research connects recent changes in the movement of North Atlantic right whales to decreased food availability and rising temperatures in Gulf of Maine’s deep waters. Right whales have been showing up in unexpected places in recent years, putting the endangered species at increased risk.… “The climate-driven changes rippling throughout the Gulf of Maine have serious consequences for the small number of remaining right whales,” said Nick Record, a senior research scientist at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences and lead author on the paper.… Climate change has shifted circulation patterns in the North Atlantic Ocean, including the currents that flow into the Gulf of Maine’s depths. This study found that some of these deep waters have warmed nearly 9 degrees Fahrenheit since 2004. These changes have drastically reduced the supply of right whale's primary prey—a high-fat, rice-sized crustacean called Calanus finmarchicus.… Right whales have historically made an autumn journey to the mouth of the Bay of Fundy to feast in preparation for winter. In the absence of abundant Calanus in that region, right whales are following their food—which means foraging well outside of the areas established to protect them. The misalignment between conservation measures and the whales’ current behavior makes them much more vulnerable to lethal encounters with ships and fishing gear. However, the researchers believe that the strong connection between water temperature, Calanus, and right whales makes it possible to predict where new right whale habitats develop, and to plan accordingly.… Credit: Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences

Which of the following best describes the author’s claim in the article?

• North Atlantic right whales are currently being overhunted and are therefore at an increased risk of extinction.

• The new pattern of North Atlantic right whale migration is primarily from decreased food availability and warming waters.

• Calanus are moving south to warmer waters where the North Atlantic right whale is not able to travel.

• The increase in the abundance of Calanus has increased the number of new competitors for the North Atlantic right whale in the Gulf of Maine.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Climate Driving New Right Whale Movement New research connects recent changes in the movement of North Atlantic right whales to decreased food availability and rising temperatures in Gulf of Maine’s deep waters. Right whales have been showing up in unexpected places in recent years, putting the endangered species at increased risk.… “The climate-driven changes rippling throughout the Gulf of Maine have serious consequences for the small number of remaining right whales,” said Nick Record, a senior research scientist at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences and lead author on the paper.… Climate change has shifted circulation patterns in the North Atlantic Ocean, including the currents that flow into the Gulf of Maine’s depths. This study found that some of these deep waters have warmed nearly 9 degrees Fahrenheit since 2004. These changes have drastically reduced the supply of right whale's primary prey—a high-fat, rice-sized crustacean called Calanus finmarchicus.… Right whales have historically made an autumn journey to the mouth of the Bay of Fundy to feast in preparation for winter. In the absence of abundant Calanus in that region, right whales are following their food—which means foraging well outside of the areas established to protect them. The misalignment between conservation measures and the whales’ current behavior makes them much more vulnerable to lethal encounters with ships and fishing gear. However, the researchers believe that the strong connection between water temperature, Calanus, and right whales makes it possible to predict where new right whale habitats develop, and to plan accordingly.… Credit: Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences

Based on the information in the article, which of the following is the most practical solution to help conservation efforts for the North Atlantic right whale?

• Restock Calanus in the habitat areas that have been set aside as right whale conservation areas.

• Expand the range of conservation areas meant to protect the right whale.

• Put nets in the Gulf of Maine to stop Calanus from entering the waters.

• Decrease evaporation rates in the deep waters in the Gulf of Maine to artificially cool down the water.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-5

All of the following gases have been implicated in contributing to the increase in global temperature via the greenhouse effect EXCEPT

• O₂

• CH₄

• N₂O

• CO₂

• CFC's

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-5

An energy transformation occurs and results in increased disorder.

• Heat flow

• Kinetic energy

• Potential energy

• First law of thermodynamics

• Second law of thermodynamics

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

In the nitrogen cycle illustrated above, nitrification occurs in which of the following steps?

• Step 1

• Step 2

• Step 3

• Step 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which of the following best explains why terrestrial trophic pyramids usually do not have levels higher than tertiary consumers?

• Tertiary consumers are the largest organisms in an ecosystem and require the most space to survive.

• Plants can only perform photosynthesis during the day, so tertiary consumers cannot get enough energy from consuming plants.

• A large proportion of energy is lost as heat as it is transferred up the pyramid, so there is not enough energy available to support another level.

• Tertiary consumers are often indicator species and are the first to be affected by environmental disturbances.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

The annual fluctuation in carbon dioxide concentration can best be explained by:

• Seasonal use of fossil fuels

• Regularity of volcanic activity

• Deforestation in the tropics

• Seasonal photosynthetic activity of green plants

• El Niño events

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-6

NGSS.HS-LS2-5