Understanding Acids and Bases

What is an acid?

• A compound that has a pH greater than 7.

• A substance that accepts electrons in a reaction.

• A liquid that turns blue litmus paper red without any chemical reaction.

• An acid is a substance that donates protons (H+) in a chemical reaction.

What is a base?

• A base is a solution that turns litmus paper red.

• A base is a substance that only accepts electrons.

• A base is a substance that accepts protons or donates electron pairs.

• A base is a type of acid that donates protons.

Give an example of a strong acid.

• Hydrochloric acid (HCl)

• Nitric acid (HNO3)

• Acetic acid (CH3COOH)

• Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)

What is the pH range of acids?

• 0 to 6.9

• 7 to 14

• -1 to 0

• 6.9 to 10

What is the pH range of bases?

• pH range of bases is greater than 7, up to 14.

• pH range of bases is between 0 and 7.

• pH range of bases is less than 7.

• pH range of bases is exactly 7.

What happens when an acid reacts with a base?

• An acid and a base produce only gas.

• An acid and a base react to form water and a salt.

• An acid and a base explode violently.

• An acid and a base neutralize without any products.

What is neutralization?

• Neutralization occurs when two acids react with each other.

• Neutralization is the reaction between an acid and a base to form water and a salt.

• Neutralization is the reaction between two bases to form a gas.

• Neutralization is the process of adding more acid to a solution.

Name a common household acid.

• Vinegar

• Lemon juice

• Hydrogen peroxide

• Baking soda

Name a common household base.

• calcium carbonate

• sodium bicarbonate

• sodium chloride

• potassium hydroxide

What is the chemical formula for hydrochloric acid?

• H2Cl

• ClH

• HCl2

• HCl